Micron Document
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html class="client-nojs vector-feature-night-mode-disabled vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-sticky-header-enabled" lang="en" dir="ltr"><head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Volvo Engine Architecture</title>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volvo_Engine_Architecture"> <link href="./mw/ext.cite.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./mw/skins.vector.icons.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./mw/skins.vector.search.codex.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./mw/skins.vector.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<link href="./mw/user.styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
<meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content="">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./mw/site.styles.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./mw/noscript.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./footer.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="./vector-2022.css">
</head>
<body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Volvo_Engine_Architecture rootpage-Volvo_Engine_Architecture skin-vector-2022 action-view">
<div class="mw-page-container">
<div class="mw-page-container-inner">
<div class="mw-content-container">
<main id="content" class="mw-body">
<header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar">
<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">
<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Volvo Engine Architecture</span></span>
</h1>
</header>
<a id="top"></a>
<div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body ve-init-mw-desktopArticleTarget-targetContainer" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container="">
<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr">
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1295905060">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}


/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><table class="infobox hproduct"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color:#C0C0C0; padding:4px; text-align:center">Volvo Engine Architecture</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C0C0C0">Overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Automotive_industry" title="Automotive industry">Manufacturer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}


/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="Volvo_Cars" title="Volvo Cars">Volvo Cars</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="Geely" title="Geely">Geely</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div>
<p>Aurobay
</p>
<a href="Proton_Holdings" title="Proton Holdings">Proton</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Also called</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><abbr title="Volvo Engine Petrol 4">VEP4</abbr><sup id="cite_ref-VED_GEN_I_&amp;_VEP_GEN_I_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VED_GEN_I_&amp;_VEP_GEN_I-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><abbr title="Volvo Engine Diesel 4">VED4</abbr><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><abbr title="Global Engine Petrol 3">GEP3</abbr><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Production</th><td class="infobox-data">2013<sup id="cite_ref-volvocars.com_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-volvocars.com-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>–present</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C0C0C0">Layout</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Engine_configuration" title="Engine configuration">Configuration</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Straight-three_engine" title="Straight-three engine">I3</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-0,5Lcyl_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0,5Lcyl-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Straight-four_engine" title="Straight-four engine">I4</a><sup id="cite_ref-2012pressrelease_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2012pressrelease-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Engine_displacement" title="Engine displacement">Displacement</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1.5&nbsp;L (1,498&nbsp;cc)<sup id="cite_ref-0,5Lcyl_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0,5Lcyl-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1,5L_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1,5L-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br>1.5&nbsp;L (1,477&nbsp;cc)<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br>2.0&nbsp;L (1,969&nbsp;cc)<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Bore_(engine)" title="Bore (engine)">Cylinder bore</a></th><td class="infobox-data">82&nbsp;mm (3.23&nbsp;in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Stroke_(engine)" title="Stroke (engine)">Piston stroke</a></th><td class="infobox-data">70.9&nbsp;mm (2.79&nbsp;in)<br>93.2&nbsp;mm (3.67&nbsp;in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Engine_block" title="Engine block">Cylinder block</a> material</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Aluminum" class="mw-redirect" title="Aluminum">Aluminum</a><sup id="cite_ref-pressreleasestuffforVEA_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pressreleasestuffforVEA-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Cylinder_head" title="Cylinder head">Cylinder head</a> material</th><td class="infobox-data">Aluminum<sup id="cite_ref-pressreleasestuffforVEA_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pressreleasestuffforVEA-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Valvetrain" title="Valvetrain">Valvetrain</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="DOHC" class="mw-redirect" title="DOHC">DOHC</a><sup id="cite_ref-DOHC_BXT12_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOHC_BXT12-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C0C0C0">RPM range</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Idle_(engine)#Idle_speed" title="Idle (engine)">Idle speed</a></th><td class="infobox-data">825&nbsp;rpm – 850&nbsp;rpm</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Redline" title="Redline">Max. engine speed</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Petrol: 6000&nbsp;rpm</li><li>Diesel: 5000&nbsp;rpm</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C0C0C0">Combustion</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Supercharger" title="Supercharger">Supercharger</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Eaton_Corporation" title="Eaton Corporation">Eaton</a> <a href="Roots-type_supercharger" class="mw-redirect" title="Roots-type supercharger">Roots-type</a> (T6 &amp; T8 engine architecture)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Turbocharger" title="Turbocharger">Turbocharger</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Petrol: BorgWarner with <a href="Intercooler" title="Intercooler">intercooler</a></li><li>Diesel: BorgWarner Supplies R2S® Single or Twin turbo-charged (<a href="Variable-geometry_turbocharger" title="Variable-geometry turbocharger">VN Turbo</a>) with <a href="PowerPulse" class="mw-redirect" title="PowerPulse">PowerPulse</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Fuel" title="Fuel">Fuel</a> system</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Petrol:</li><li>Sequential <a href="Gasoline_direct_injection" title="Gasoline direct injection">direct injection</a></li><li>Diesel:</li><li><a href="Common_rail" title="Common rail">Common rail</a> with i-ART</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Engine_control_unit" title="Engine control unit">Management</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Denso EMS<sup id="cite_ref-densoPOLESTAR_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-densoPOLESTAR-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-iart_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-iart-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>Bosch ME</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fuel type</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="Petrol" class="mw-redirect" title="Petrol">Petrol</a><sup id="cite_ref-13pressreleaseVEASPA_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13pressreleaseVEASPA-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="Diesel_fuel" title="Diesel fuel">Diesel</a><sup id="cite_ref-13pressreleaseVEASPA_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13pressreleaseVEASPA-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Motor_oil" title="Motor oil">Oil system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Wet_sump" title="Wet sump">Wet sump</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Internal_combustion_engine_cooling" title="Internal combustion engine cooling">Cooling system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="Water-cooled" class="mw-redirect" title="Water-cooled">Water-cooled</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C0C0C0">Emissions</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Emission_standard" title="Emission standard">Emissions target standard</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="European_emission_standards" title="European emission standards">Euro 6</a></li><li>Euro 6b<sup id="cite_ref-emissions_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emissions-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>Euro 6d-TEMP<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>Euro 6d</li><li><a href="Super_ultra-low_emission_vehicle" title="Super ultra-low emission vehicle">SULEV30</a>/PZEV<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DOHC_BXT12_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOHC_BXT12-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="Partial_zero-emissions_vehicle" title="Partial zero-emissions vehicle">TZEV</a><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>China V<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>China VI</li><li>China VIB<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Vehicle_emissions_control" title="Vehicle emissions control">Emissions control systems</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Petrol:</li><li><a href="Catalytic_converter" title="Catalytic converter">Catalytic converter</a></li><li>Catalytic converter with particle filter</li><li>Diesel:</li><li><a href="Exhaust_gas_recirculation" title="Exhaust gas recirculation">EGR</a> with <a href="Diesel_particulate_filter" title="Diesel particulate filter">DPF</a> &amp; <a href="NOx_adsorber" title="NOx adsorber">LNT</a><sup id="cite_ref-emissions_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emissions-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li>EGR with DPF, LNT &amp; <a href="Selective_catalytic_reduction" title="Selective catalytic reduction">SCR</a></li><li><span class="nowrap">EGR, DPF, LNT, SCR &amp; Ad-Blue</span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#C0C0C0">Chronology</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Petrol:</li><li><a href="Volvo_Modular_engine" title="Volvo Modular engine">Volvo Modular Engine</a> (general replacement)</li><li><a href="Volvo_SI6_engine" title="Volvo SI6 engine">Volvo SI6 Engine</a><sup id="cite_ref-2015engineanalysisglobal_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2015engineanalysisglobal-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (T6 &amp; T8 engine)</li><li>Diesel:</li><li><a href="Volvo_D5_engine" title="Volvo D5 engine">Volvo D5 Engine</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>The <b>Volvo Engine Architecture</b><sup id="cite_ref-2012pressrelease_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2012pressrelease-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<b>VEA</b>) is a family of <a href="Straight-three_engine" title="Straight-three engine">straight-three</a> and <a href="Straight-four_engine" title="Straight-four engine">straight-four</a> <a href="Automobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile">automobile</a> petrol and diesel engines produced by <a href="Volvo_Cars" title="Volvo Cars">Volvo Cars</a> in <a href="Sk%C3%B6vde" title="Skövde">Skövde</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sweden, since 2013,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Zhangjiakou" title="Zhangjiakou">Zhangjiakou</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> China, since 2016<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="Tanjung_Malim" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanjung Malim">Tanjung Malim</a>, Malaysia, since 2022 by <a href="Proton_Holdings" title="Proton Holdings">Proton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Volvo markets all engines under the <i>Drive–E</i><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-densoPOLESTAR_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-densoPOLESTAR-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> designation,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while <a href="Geely" title="Geely">Geely</a> groups the three-cylinder variants with its other engines under the <i>G-power</i><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> name. These engines are some of the few ever put into production as twincharged engines, in the company of the <a href="Lancia_Delta_S4" title="Lancia Delta S4">Lancia Delta S4</a> and concept <a href="Jaguar_C-X75" title="Jaguar C-X75">Jaguar CX-75</a>.
</p>
<meta property="mw:PageProp/toc">
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>
<p>Development of the new engine family began in 2006,<sup id="cite_ref-nyheter_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyheter-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the decision to only produce four-cylinder engines being finalised in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-nyheter_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyheter-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The intention was to produce smaller,<sup id="cite_ref-swedespeed1_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-swedespeed1-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> more economical and environmentally friendly<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> engines that would be fitted to every Volvo model. In 2008<sup id="cite_ref-pressreleasestuffforVEA_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pressreleasestuffforVEA-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Volvo began to upgrade its <a href="Sk%C3%B6vde" title="Skövde">Skövde</a> engine plant and invested roughly 2 billion SEK<sup id="cite_ref-miscinfo_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-miscinfo-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> into development and tooling for the VEA.<sup id="cite_ref-volvocars.com_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-volvocars.com-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>In the autumn of 2013,<sup id="cite_ref-emissions_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-emissions-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the first cars with the new engines were delivered to customers, starting with the <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">S60 II</a> and <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">V60</a> models.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, Volvo began to phase out the five-cylinder petrol and diesel engines,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the six-cylinder petrol engines as well as any four-cylinder engines from other manufacturers.<sup id="cite_ref-miscinfo_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-miscinfo-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Until the end of 2015,<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> nearly all other engines had been phased out, with only a few non VEA engines remaining in production for select models.<sup id="cite_ref-gernewengines_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gernewengines-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Volvo nearly completed the phaseout in 2016<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with only two variants of the five-cylinder diesel remaining in production for the 60-series models.
</p><p>In December 2014, Volvo introduced the first hybrid variant of a VEA engine with the launch of the XC90 T8. It uses an electric rear axle drive (ERAD) for both electric propulsion and AWD capabilities. Hybrid engines are equipped with a crankshaft integrated starter generator (CISG) that is used to start the engine, capture otherwise lost energy when slowing down and reduce lag at low rpm by acting as an additional supercharger. Volvo refers to this type of hybrid implementation as <i>Twin Engine</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>With the introduction of Volvo's new flagship sedan in 2016, the S90, the <i>PowerPulse</i> anti-lag system for the top of the range diesel engines was unveiled. It uses a small tank of compressed air that can instantaneously be released into the turbocharger to help with spool up, thereby reducing turbo lag.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Volvo began testing of three-cylinder variants in mid 2014,<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it had been planned to introduce these engines<sup id="cite_ref-0,5Lcyl_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-0,5Lcyl-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 2015. With their smaller capacity and less power they were meant to be used as base engines.<sup id="cite_ref-1,5L_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1,5L-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2015 no three-cylinder engines were released, instead four-cylinder variants with 1.5 L capacity were introduced as base engines on some models.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the second half of 2017, the first production VEA three-cylinder engine was released with the debut of the <a href="LEVC_TX" title="LEVC TX">LEVC TX</a>, where it is used as a range extender. The first Volvo three-cylinder VEA was slated for introduction in 2018 for the <a href="Volvo_XC40" title="Volvo XC40">XC40</a> under the <i>T3</i> engine designation,<sup id="cite_ref-XC40_NL_MY19_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-XC40_NL_MY19-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however it saw only limited release.
</p><p>Due to stricter emissions laws, additional and improved emissions control equipment was introduced, beginning in the second half of 2017 for the 2018 model year. Diesel engines gained a SCR-catalyst to decrease NOx emissions, petrol engines received a particle filter. These changes are referred to as VEA GEN2. This improved the emissions rating to Euro 6c and for some engines to Euro 6d-TEMP.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The improvements were rolled out in stages and some engines, particularly the hybrid variants, remained in Euro 6 configuration until the second quarter of 2018. By model year 2019<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> all engines had been updated to achieve Euro 6d-TEMP certification, with some engines getting discontinued. All diesel engines are now equipped with Ad-Blue<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and all petrol engines with a particle filter.
</p><p>Volvo has been developing a major update for all its engines since 2017. It is code-named VEA GEN3 (with VEP GEN3 and VED GEN3<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> respectively) and part of Volvo's effort to hybridize all of its engines. The MHEV variants will have a 48V network separate from the high-voltage battery system.
</p><p>New <i>B</i> badging for hybrid vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Deviating from the previously introduced T&lt;some number&gt; (1994 with the T-5, without the dash in 1996 for X70) and D&lt;some number&gt; (2002 with the D5 engine, expanded in ~2009 with D4 and D3 subdivision) naming/badging scheme. The system uses kinetic energy recovery via a belt driven integrated starter generator (BISG) which is stored in a 48V 0.25 kWh lion battery. Under heavy load or rapid acceleration the BISG is used as a power adder. P0 hybridization.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-P_type_hybrid_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-P_type_hybrid-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nomenclature">Nomenclature</h3></div>
<p>The engine codes consist of a series of letters and digits. The actual, broadly used engine code is 7 or 8 characters long. Hybrid models can have a second engine code that is 7 characters long, mild hybrids engine codes are 6 characters long. Different, more general engine codes are used for some certification and approval documents and are 6 to 8 characters long. An additional 2 characters are used to identify each specific engine variant with an <i>MP</i> or <i>HP</i> suffix to differentiate performance.<sup id="cite_ref-DOHC_BXT12_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOHC_BXT12-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Standard engine codes:
</p>
<ul><li>1st: Fuel type (B/D) <b>B</b> = Bensin (Petrol),<sup id="cite_ref-NHTSA_Volvo_MY15_VIN_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHTSA_Volvo_MY15_VIN-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <b>D</b> = Diesel</li>
<li>2nd: Number of cylinders (3/4)</li>
<li>3rd &amp; 4th: Approximate displacement in deciliters, may be rounded up or down (19 ~= 2.0 L)</li>
<li>5th: Valves per cylinder (4)<sup id="cite_ref-NHTSA_Volvo_MY15_VIN_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHTSA_Volvo_MY15_VIN-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>6th: Induction method (T) <b>T</b> = turbocharged<sup id="cite_ref-gunshowfromswedeforums_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gunshowfromswedeforums-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>7th &amp; 8th: Engine variant (4/5/6/9/11/14/20/23/27/35/44)<sup id="cite_ref-NHTSA_Volvo_MY15_VIN_68-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHTSA_Volvo_MY15_VIN-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Petrol_(GEP3/VEP4)">Petrol (GEP3/VEP4)</h2></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1.5">1.5</h3></div>
<p>All three-cylinder 1.5&nbsp;L (1,477&nbsp;cc) petrol engines have a bore of 82&nbsp;mm (3.2&nbsp;in) and a stroke of 93.2&nbsp;mm (3.7&nbsp;in) with a compression ratio of 10.5:1. All engines are turbocharged and intercooled with direct injection. All 3 cylinder engines are equipped with belt driven water pump and integrated mass balancer shaft,<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 4 cylinder engines are equipped with an electric water pump.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B3154T">B3154T</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B3154T</i> is usually only referred to as range extender. It delivers 82&nbsp;PS (60&nbsp;kW; 81&nbsp;hp) at 4000&nbsp;rpm and 255&nbsp;N⋅m (188&nbsp;lb⋅ft).<sup id="cite_ref-TX5_specs_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TX5_specs-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When running it only recharges the high voltage battery, thus functioning as a range extender giving approx. 300 miles of additional range.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Single turbocharger.
</p><p>CISG.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2017–present <a href="LEVC_TX" title="LEVC TX">LEVC TX</a> badged as <i>LEVC TX</i>, <i>LEVC TX e-City</i><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or with no additional badging</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B3154T_2">B3154T</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B3154T</i><sup id="cite_ref-XC40MY19_NL_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-XC40MY19_NL-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (11 or 14 for standard transmission and 15 for automatic) delivers 156&nbsp;PS (115&nbsp;kW; 154&nbsp;hp) at 5000&nbsp;rpm and 265&nbsp;N⋅m (195&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1850–3850&nbsp;rpm with standard transmission or 265&nbsp;N⋅m (195&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1850–3850&nbsp;rpm with automatic. Engine variant for cars equipped with a manual or automatic gearbox. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with a six-gear gearbox made by Volvo Cars or the Toyota AW8G30 gearbox.
</p><p>It was replaced by the newer engine <i>B3154T7</i> which retains the same ID code of 11 but not 14; automatic was changed to <i>B3154T2</i> which retains the same ID code of 15.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2019 <a href="Volvo_XC40" title="Volvo XC40">Volvo XC40</a> badged as <i>XC40 T3</i><sup id="cite_ref-XC40_NL_MY19_56-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-XC40_NL_MY19-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B3154T2">B3154T2</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B3154T2</i> (15) delivers 163&nbsp;PS (120&nbsp;kW; 161&nbsp;hp) at 5500&nbsp;rpm and 265&nbsp;N⋅m (195&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–3000&nbsp;rpm. Engine variant for cars equipped with an automatic gearbox. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW8G30 gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2020–present <a href="Volvo_XC40" title="Volvo XC40">Volvo XC40</a> badged as <i>XC40 T3</i><sup id="cite_ref-20CHXC40_1sted_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20CHXC40_1sted-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B3154T3">B3154T3</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B3154T3</i> delivers 129&nbsp;PS (95&nbsp;kW; 127&nbsp;hp) at 5000&nbsp;rpm and 250&nbsp;N⋅m (180&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1550–3000&nbsp;rpm.
</p><p>Emissions level euro 6dtemp.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2019–present <a href="Volvo_XC40" title="Volvo XC40">Volvo XC40</a> badged as <i>XC40 T2</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B3154T5">B3154T5</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B3154T5</i> (BB) delivers 180&nbsp;PS (132&nbsp;kW; 178&nbsp;hp) at 5800&nbsp;rpm and 265&nbsp;N⋅m (195&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–3000&nbsp;rpm. The front electric motor (EFAD) delivers 82&nbsp;PS (60&nbsp;kW; 81&nbsp;hp) and 160&nbsp;N⋅m (120&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>Battery capacity is 9.7&nbsp;kWh.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the 7DCTH<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2020–present <a href="Volvo_XC40" title="Volvo XC40">Volvo XC40</a> badged as <i>XC40 T5 Twin Engine</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B3154T7">B3154T7</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B3154T7</i> (11) delivers 163&nbsp;PS (120&nbsp;kW; 161&nbsp;hp) at 5500&nbsp;rpm and 265&nbsp;N⋅m (195&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1850–3000&nbsp;rpm. Engine variant for cars equipped with a manual gearbox. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the M76 R6.2 gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2020–present <a href="Volvo_XC40" title="Volvo XC40">Volvo XC40</a> badged as <i>XC40 T3</i><sup id="cite_ref-20CHXC40_1sted_75-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20CHXC40_1sted-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B3154T9">B3154T9</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B3154T9</i> delivers 129&nbsp;PS (95&nbsp;kW; 127&nbsp;hp) at 5000&nbsp;rpm and 245&nbsp;N⋅m (181&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1600–3000&nbsp;rpm. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2020–present <a href="Volvo_XC40" title="Volvo XC40">Volvo XC40</a> badged as <i>XC40 T2</i><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="JLH-3G15TD_/_JLH-3G15T">JLH-3G15TD / JLH-3G15T</h4></div>
<p>The <i>JLH-3G15TD</i> delivers 180&nbsp;PS (132&nbsp;kW; 178&nbsp;hp) at 5500&nbsp;rpm and 265&nbsp;N⋅m (195&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–4000&nbsp;rpm. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>The <i>JLH-3G15T</i> delivers 150 metric horsepower (110&nbsp;kW; 148&nbsp;hp) at 5500&nbsp;rpm and 226 newton-metres (167&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500 and 4000&nbsp;rpm. Single turbocharger.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>This engine is only available with a 7-speed DCT.
</p><p>No emissions standard information.
</p><p>Applications: <b>JLH-3G15TD</b>
</p>
<ul><li>2016–present <a href="Geely_Boyue" title="Geely Boyue">Geely Boyue</a></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Geely_Binyue" title="Geely Binyue">Geely Binyue</a></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Geely_Borui_GE" title="Geely Borui GE">Geely Borui GE</a></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Lynk_%26_Co_01" title="Lynk &amp; Co 01">Lynk &amp; Co 01 / 领克01</a> badged as <i>01 PHEV</i><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Lynk_%26_Co_02" title="Lynk &amp; Co 02">Lynk &amp; Co 02 / 领克02</a> badged as <i>02</i> or <i>02 1.5TD</i></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Lynk_%26_Co_03" title="Lynk &amp; Co 03">Lynk &amp; Co 03 / 领克03</a> badged as <i>03</i> or <i>03 1.5TD</i></li>
<li>2020–present <a href="Geely_Icon" title="Geely Icon">Geely Icon</a></li>
<li>2020–present <a href="Proton_X50" title="Proton X50">Proton X50</a></li>
<li>2020–present <a href="Proton_X70" title="Proton X70">Proton X70</a></li>
<li>2023–present <a href="Proton_X90" class="mw-redirect" title="Proton X90">Proton X90</a></li></ul>
<p>Applications: <b>JLH-3G15T</b>
</p>
<ul><li>2020–present <a href="Proton_X50" title="Proton X50">Proton X50</a></li>
<li>2023–present <a href="Proton_S70" title="Proton S70">Proton S70</a></li>
<li>2024–present <a href="Geely_Xingyue_L" title="Geely Xingyue L">Geely Xingyue L</a> / <a href="Renault_Grand_Koleos" class="mw-redirect" title="Renault Grand Koleos">Renault Grand Koleos</a></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="JLH-3G15TDC">JLH-3G15TDC</h4></div>
<p>The <i>JLH-3G15TDC</i> delivers 156&nbsp;PS (115&nbsp;kW; 154&nbsp;hp) at 5000&nbsp;rpm and 245&nbsp;N⋅m (181&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1450–4000&nbsp;rpm. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>Emissions level China V.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2018–present <a href="Lynk_%26_Co_02" title="Lynk &amp; Co 02">Lynk &amp; Co 02 / 领克02</a> badged as <i>02</i> or <i>02 1.5TD</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4154T2">B4154T2</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4154T2</i><sup id="cite_ref-MY19_V40_V40CC_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY19_V40_V40CC-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (32) delivers 152&nbsp;PS (112&nbsp;kW; 150&nbsp;hp) at 5000&nbsp;rpm and 250&nbsp;N⋅m (180&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1800–4000&nbsp;rpm. Engine variant for cars equipped with an automatic gearbox. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with an automatic gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40 II</a> badged as <i>V40 T3</i></li>
<li>2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40CC</a> badged as <i>V40CC T3</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4154T3">B4154T3</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4154T3</i> (33) delivers 122&nbsp;PS (90&nbsp;kW; 120&nbsp;hp) at 5000&nbsp;rpm and 220&nbsp;N⋅m (160&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1800–3500&nbsp;rpm. Engine variant for cars equipped with an automatic gearbox. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40 II</a> badged as <i>V40 T2</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4154T4">B4154T4</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4154T4</i> (29) delivers 152&nbsp;PS (112&nbsp;kW; 150&nbsp;hp)<sup id="cite_ref-18S60L_T3_sticker_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18S60L_T3_sticker-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at 5000&nbsp;rpm and 250&nbsp;N⋅m (180&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1700–4000&nbsp;rpm. Engine variant for cars equipped with an automatic gearbox. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TF-71SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6b.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40 II</a> badged as <i>V40 T3</i><sup id="cite_ref-MY17techspecsV40_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY17techspecsV40-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2015–2018 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40CC</a> badged as <i>V40CC T3</i></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a> badged as <i>S60 T3</i><sup id="cite_ref-MY17techspecsS60_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY17techspecsS60-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60L</a> badged as <i>S60L T3</i><sup id="cite_ref-MY18S60LCN_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY18S60LCN-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18S60L_T3_sticker_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18S60L_T3_sticker-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_V60#First_generation_(2010–2018)" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60</a> badged as <i>V60 T3</i><sup id="cite_ref-MY17techspecsV60_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY17techspecsV60-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4154T5">B4154T5</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4154T5</i> (28) delivers 122&nbsp;PS (90&nbsp;kW; 120&nbsp;hp) at 5000&nbsp;rpm and 220&nbsp;N⋅m (160&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1600–3500&nbsp;rpm. Engine variant for cars equipped with an automatic gearbox. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TF-71SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6b, upgraded to Euro 6d-TEMP with model year 2018.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2016–2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40 II</a> badged as <i>V40 T2</i><sup id="cite_ref-MY17techspecsV40_84-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY17techspecsV40-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a> badged as <i>S60 T2</i><sup id="cite_ref-MY17techspecsS60_85-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY17techspecsS60-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_V60#First_generation_(2010–2018)" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60</a> badged as <i>V60 T2</i><sup id="cite_ref-MY17techspecsV60_87-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY17techspecsV60-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4154T6">B4154T6</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4154T6</i> delivers 152&nbsp;PS (112&nbsp;kW; 150&nbsp;hp) at 5000&nbsp;rpm and 250&nbsp;N⋅m (180&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1600–3500&nbsp;rpm. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TF-71SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6b.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2016–2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40 II</a> badged as <i>V40 T3</i></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a> badged as <i>S60 T3</i></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_V60#First_generation_(2010–2018)" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60</a> badged as <i>V60 T3</i><sup id="cite_ref-UKV60MY16page425_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UKV60MY16page425-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2.0">2.0</h3></div>
<p>All 2.0&nbsp;L (1,969&nbsp;cc) petrol engines have a bore of 82&nbsp;mm (3.2&nbsp;in) and a stroke of 93.2&nbsp;mm (3.7&nbsp;in) with a compression ratio of 10.3:1.<sup id="cite_ref-2016XC90engines_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016XC90engines-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All engines are turbocharged and intercooled with direct injection. More powerful versions are equipped with a roots type supercharger in addition to being turbocharged and intercooled.
All engines come with an electric water pump and balancer shafts.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T5">B4204T5</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T5</i> delivers 180&nbsp;PS (132&nbsp;kW; 178&nbsp;hp) at 5800&nbsp;rpm and 265&nbsp;N⋅m (195&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–3000&nbsp;rpm. The front electric motor (EFAD) delivers 82&nbsp;PS (60&nbsp;kW; 81&nbsp;hp) at 4000&nbsp;rpm and 160&nbsp;N⋅m (120&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque at 3500&nbsp;rpm. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>Battery capacity is 10.7&nbsp;kWh.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the 7DCT gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2020–present <a href="Volvo_XC40" title="Volvo XC40">Volvo XC40</a> badged as <i>XC40 Twin Engine</i> or <i>XC40 T5 Twin Engine</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="JLH-4G20TD">JLH-4G20TD</h4></div>
<p>The <i>JLH-4G20TD</i> delivers 190&nbsp;PS (140&nbsp;kW; 187&nbsp;hp) at 4700&nbsp;rpm and 300&nbsp;N⋅m (220&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1400–4000&nbsp;rpm. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>Emissions level China VI.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2018–2023 <a href="Lynk_%26_Co_02" title="Lynk &amp; Co 02">Lynk &amp; Co 02 / 领克02</a> badged as <i>02</i> or <i>02 2.0T</i> or <i>02 AWD</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="JLH-4G20TDB">JLH-4G20TDB</h4></div>
<p>The <i>JLH-4G20TDB</i> delivers 238&nbsp;PS (175&nbsp;kW; 235&nbsp;hp) and 350&nbsp;N⋅m (260&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Emissions level China VIB.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2020–present <a href="Geely_Xingyue_S" title="Geely Xingyue S">Geely Xingyue / Geely Xing Yue / 吉利星越</a><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> badged as <i>驭星者AWD</i> or <i>星越 350T</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="JLH-4G20TDC">JLH-4G20TDC</h4></div>
<p>The <i>JLH-4G20TDC</i> delivers 254&nbsp;PS (187&nbsp;kW; 251&nbsp;hp) and 350&nbsp;N⋅m (260&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1800–4800&nbsp;rpm.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="JLH-4G20TDH">JLH-4G20TDH</h4></div>
<p>The <i>JLH-4G20TDH</i> delivers 265&nbsp;PS (195&nbsp;kW; 261&nbsp;hp) and 380&nbsp;N⋅m (280&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 2000–4000&nbsp;rpm.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T9">B4204T9</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T9</i><sup id="cite_ref-B4204T9_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-B4204T9-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (49) delivers 302&nbsp;PS (222&nbsp;kW; 298&nbsp;hp) at 5700&nbsp;rpm and 400&nbsp;N⋅m (300&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 2100–4500&nbsp;rpm.<sup id="cite_ref-USXC60_16_page376_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USXC60_16_page376-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
For 2016 minor changes increased power output to 306&nbsp;PS (225&nbsp;kW; 302&nbsp;hp) at 5700&nbsp;rpm.<sup id="cite_ref-MY18DEV60engines_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY18DEV60engines-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="Twincharger" title="Twincharger">Turbocharger and supercharger</a>.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TG-81SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6, beginning with model year 2018 emissions level Euro 6b.<sup id="cite_ref-MY18NLS60pricelist_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY18NLS60pricelist-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2015–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a><sup id="cite_ref-VTI_VEA_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VTI_VEA-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> badged as <i>S60 T6</i> or <i>S60 T6 AWD</i></li>
<li>2015–2018 <a href="Volvo_V60#First_generation_(2010–2018)" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60</a> badged as <i>V60 T6</i> or <i>V60 T6 AWD</i></li>
<li>2014–2017 <a href="Volvo_XC60#First_generation_(2008–2017)" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60</a> badged as <i>XC60 T6</i><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>XC60 T6 AWD</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T10">B4204T10</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T10</i><sup id="cite_ref-NHTSA_Volvo_MY15_VIN_68-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHTSA_Volvo_MY15_VIN-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (27) delivers 302&nbsp;PS (222&nbsp;kW; 298&nbsp;hp) at 5700&nbsp;rpm and 400&nbsp;N⋅m (300&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 2100–4500&nbsp;rpm. Turbocharger and supercharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TG-81SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6b.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2014–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a><sup id="cite_ref-VTI_VEA_97-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VTI_VEA-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> badged as <i>S60 T6</i><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2014–2017 <a href="Volvo_XC60#First_generation_(2008–2017)" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60</a> badged as <i>XC60 T6</i><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T11">B4204T11</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T11</i><sup id="cite_ref-NHTSAdoc1_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHTSAdoc1-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (40) delivers 245&nbsp;PS (180&nbsp;kW; 242&nbsp;hp) at 5500&nbsp;rpm and 350&nbsp;N⋅m (260&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–4800&nbsp;rpm.<sup id="cite_ref-2016V70en_global_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016V70en_global-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The compression ratio was changed to 10.8:1. Single turbocharger. The crankshaft has a stroke of 93.2mm.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TG-81SC gearbox.
</p><p>A specially designed ULEV2 emissions variant of this engine exists.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2015–2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40 II</a> badged as <i>V40 T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-DEV40MY15engines_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEV40MY15engines-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2015–2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40CC</a> badged as <i>V40CC T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-DEmanualV40CCMY15page424_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEmanualV40CCMY15page424-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>V40CC T5 AWD</i></li>
<li>2015–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a> badged as <i>S60 T5</i></li>
<li>2015–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60L</a> badged as <i>S60L T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-MY18S60LCN_86-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY18S60LCN-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>S60L T5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-VTI_VEA_97-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VTI_VEA-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2015–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60CC</a> badged as <i>S60CC T5 AWD</i></li>
<li>2015–2018 <a href="Volvo_V60#First_generation_(2010–2018)" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60</a> badged as <i>V60 T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2015–2018 <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60CC</a> badged as <i>V60CC T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-V60CC_engine_18_de_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V60CC_engine_18_de-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>V60CC T5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2015–2017 <a href="Volvo_XC60#First_generation_(2008–2017)" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60</a> badged as <i>XC60 T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-USXC60_16_page376_94-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USXC60_16_page376-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>XC60 T5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2014–2016 <a href="Volvo_S80#Second_generation_(2006–2016)" title="Volvo S80">Volvo S80 II</a> badged as <i>S80 T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ATS80MY16_pricelist_113-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATS80MY16_pricelist-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2014–2016 <a href="Volvo_V70#Third_generation_(2007–2016)" title="Volvo V70">Volvo V70 III</a> badged as <i>V70 T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DEV70MY16pricelist_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEV70MY16pricelist-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>V70 Bi-Fuel</i><sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2014–2016 <a href="Volvo_V70#Third_generation_(2007–2016)" title="Volvo V70">Volvo XC70 II</a> badged as <i>XC70 T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-2016_XC70_specs_117-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016_XC70_specs-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T12">B4204T12</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T12</i><sup id="cite_ref-NHTSAdoc1_101-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHTSAdoc1-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (26) delivers 240&nbsp;PS (177&nbsp;kW; 237&nbsp;hp) at 5600&nbsp;rpm and 350&nbsp;N⋅m (260&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–4500&nbsp;rpm. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is a PZEV<sup id="cite_ref-DOHC_BXT12_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DOHC_BXT12-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> emissions variant and features additional emissions reducing equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2015-2016 <a href="Volvo_S80#Second_generation_(2006–2016)" title="Volvo S80">Volvo S80 II</a> badged as <i>S80 T5</i></li>
<li>2015–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a><sup id="cite_ref-VTI_VEA_97-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VTI_VEA-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> badged as <i>S60 T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-USS60_page370_121-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USS60_page370-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2015–2017 <a href="Volvo_XC60#First_generation_(2008–2017)" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60</a> badged as <i>XC60 T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T14">B4204T14</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T14</i> (13) delivers 247&nbsp;PS (182&nbsp;kW; 244&nbsp;hp) at 5500&nbsp;rpm<sup id="cite_ref-DE_XC40_list1_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DE_XC40_list1-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 350&nbsp;N⋅m (260&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1800–4800&nbsp;rpm. The compression ratio was changed to 10.8:1. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>The engine is equipped with a particle filter. Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_XC40" title="Volvo XC40">Volvo XC40</a> badged as <i>XC40 T5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-DE_XC40_list1_123-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DE_XC40_list1-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T15">B4204T15</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T15</i><sup id="cite_ref-2013VidaRealeaseD_124-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2013VidaRealeaseD-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> delivers 220&nbsp;PS (162&nbsp;kW; 217&nbsp;hp) at 5500&nbsp;rpm and 350&nbsp;N⋅m (260&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–4000&nbsp;rpm. The compression ration was changed to 10.8:1.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TG-81SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2014–2016 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40 II</a> badged as <i>V40 T5</i></li>
<li>2015–2016 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40CC</a> badged as <i>V40CC T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-DE_V40CC_MY18_BA_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DE_V40CC_MY18_BA-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2017 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a> badged as <i>S60 T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2017 <a href="Volvo_V60#First_generation_(2010–2018)" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60</a> badged as <i>V60 T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2014–2016 <a href="Volvo_S80#Second_generation_(2006–2016)" title="Volvo S80">Volvo S80 II</a> badged as <i>S80 T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T17">B4204T17</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T17</i> (36) delivers 122&nbsp;PS (90&nbsp;kW; 120&nbsp;hp) at 5000&nbsp;rpm and 220&nbsp;N⋅m (160&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1200–3500&nbsp;rpm. The compression ratio was changed to 11.3:1. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the M76 R6.2 gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2018–2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40 II</a> badged as <i>V40 T2</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T18">B4204T18</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T18</i> (16) delivers 252&nbsp;PS (185&nbsp;kW; 249&nbsp;hp) at 5500&nbsp;rpm and 350&nbsp;N⋅m (260&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–4800&nbsp;rpm.<sup id="cite_ref-DE_XC40_MY18_handbuch_130-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DE_XC40_MY18_handbuch-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Single turbocharger.<br>
Nominal rated power is 280&nbsp;PS (206&nbsp;kW; 276&nbsp;hp) at 5500&nbsp;rpm.
</p><p>Gearbox only TG-80SC AWD
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_XC40" title="Volvo XC40">Volvo XC40</a> badged as <i>XC40 T5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-DE_XC40_MY18_handbuch_130-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DE_XC40_MY18_handbuch-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2021–present <a href="Lynk_%26_Co_09" title="Lynk &amp; Co 09">Lynk &amp; Co 09</a> Mild hybrid <i>2.0T+8AT 48V mechanical four-wheel drive</i></li>
<li>2021–present Lynk &amp; Co 09 Hybrid <i>2.0T HEV light hybrid electric four-wheel drive</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T19">B4204T19</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T19</i> (41) delivers 190&nbsp;PS (140&nbsp;kW; 187&nbsp;hp)<sup id="cite_ref-18S60L_T4_sticker_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18S60L_T4_sticker-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at 4700&nbsp;rpm and 300&nbsp;N⋅m (220&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1350–4000&nbsp;rpm.<sup id="cite_ref-2016V70en_global_102-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016V70en_global-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The compression ratio was changed to 11.3:1. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is available with the M66H, M76, AW TF81-SC and AW TF-71SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6, beginning with model year 2018 emissions level Euro 6b.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2016–2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40 II</a> badged as <i>V40 T4</i></li>
<li>2016–2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40CC</a> badged as <i>V40CC T4</i></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a> badged as <i>S60 T4</i></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60L</a> badged as <i>S60L T4</i><sup id="cite_ref-MY18S60LCN_86-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY18S60LCN-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18S60L_T4_sticker_131-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18S60L_T4_sticker-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18S60L_T4_sticker_2_132-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18S60L_T4_sticker_2-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_V60#First_generation_(2010–2018)" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60</a> badged as <i>V60 T4</i><sup id="cite_ref-DEV60MY2017page454_133-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEV60MY2017page454-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2015–2016 <a href="Volvo_V70#Third_generation_(2007–2016)" title="Volvo V70">Volvo V70 III</a> badged as <i>V70 T4</i><sup id="cite_ref-DEV70MY16pricelist_115-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEV70MY16pricelist-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T20">B4204T20</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T20</i> (8) delivers 249&nbsp;PS (183&nbsp;kW; 246&nbsp;hp) at 5500&nbsp;rpm and 350&nbsp;N⋅m (260&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–4500&nbsp;rpm. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6, for the XC60 II emissions level Euro 6b.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2017–present <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60 II</a> badged as <i>XC60 T5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-18DEXC60manualpage626_134-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18DEXC60manualpage626-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–present <a href="Volvo_S90" title="Volvo S90">Volvo S90 II</a> badged as <i>S90 T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2017–present <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90CC</a> badged as <i>V90CC T5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-18DEV90CCmanualpage624_136-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18DEV90CCmanualpage624-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–present <a href="Volvo_XC90" title="Volvo XC90">Volvo XC90 II</a> badged as <i>XC90 T5 AWD</i></li>
<li>2019–present <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 III</a> badged as <i>S60 T5 AWD</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T21">B4204T21</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T21</i> (57) delivers 190&nbsp;PS (140&nbsp;kW; 187&nbsp;hp) at 5000&nbsp;rpm and 320&nbsp;N⋅m (240&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–4000&nbsp;rpm.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TG-81SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2015–2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40CC</a> badged as <i>V40CC T4 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-DE_V40CC_MY18_BA_126-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DE_V40CC_MY18_BA-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T23">B4204T23</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T23</i> (10) delivers 254&nbsp;PS (187&nbsp;kW; 251&nbsp;hp) at 5500&nbsp;rpm and 350&nbsp;N⋅m (260&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–4800&nbsp;rpm. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>In Europe emissions level Euro 6, for the XC60 II emissions level Euro 6b.<br>
In China emissions level China VI.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2019–present <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 III</a> badged as <i>S60 T5 AWD</i></li>
<li>2019–present <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60CC</a> badged as <i>V60CC T5</i> or <i>V60CC T5 AWD</i></li>
<li>2017–present <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60 II</a> badged as <i>XC60 T5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-MY18enginesFactSheet_138-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY18enginesFactSheet-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–present <a href="Volvo_S90" title="Volvo S90">Volvo S90 II</a> badged as <i>S90 T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-page529S90US_139-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-page529S90US-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–present <a href="Volvo_S90" title="Volvo S90">Volvo S90L</a> badged as <i>S90长轴距<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2017chineseS90_142-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2017chineseS90-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2017–present <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90 II</a> badged as <i>V90 T5</i> or <i>V90 Bi-Fuel</i><sup id="cite_ref-V90DE_MY18_page628_143-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V90DE_MY18_page628-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2017–present <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90CC</a> badged as <i>V90CC T5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-18DEV90CCmanualpage624_136-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18DEV90CCmanualpage624-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2015–present <a href="Volvo_XC90" title="Volvo XC90">Volvo XC90 II</a> badged as <i>XC90 T5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-DEemissionsCO2_145-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEemissionsCO2-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<ul><li>2019–present <a href="Lynk_%26_Co_03" title="Lynk &amp; Co 03">Lynk &amp; Co 03 / 领克03</a> badged as <i>03+</i><sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T26">B4204T26</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T26</i> (25) delivers 250&nbsp;PS (184&nbsp;kW; 247&nbsp;hp) at 5500&nbsp;rpm and 350&nbsp;N⋅m (260&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1800–4800&nbsp;rpm. The compression ratio was changed to 10.8:1. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TG-81SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6, during model year 2018 upgraded to emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2019–present <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 III</a> badged as <i>S60 T5</i> or <i>S60 T5 AWD</i></li>
<li>2019–present <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60 II</a> badged as <i>V60 T5</i> or <i>V60 T5 AWD</i></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60 II</a> badged as <i>XC60 T5</i> or <i>XC60 T5 AWD</i></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_S90" title="Volvo S90">Volvo S90 II</a> badged as <i>S90 T5</i></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90 II</a> badged as <i>V90 T5</i></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90CC</a> badged as <i>V90CC T5 AWD</i></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_XC90" title="Volvo XC90">Volvo XC90 II</a> badged as <i>XC90 T5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-XC90_de_MY18_148-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-XC90_de_MY18-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T27">B4204T27</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T27</i><sup id="cite_ref-2016S90specs_149-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016S90specs-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (A2) delivers 320&nbsp;PS (235&nbsp;kW; 316&nbsp;hp) at 5700&nbsp;rpm and 400&nbsp;N⋅m (300&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 2200–5400&nbsp;rpm. Turbocharger and supercharger.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6, upgraded to Euro 6b for model year 2017, beginning with model year 2018 emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2019–2021 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 III</a> badged as <i>S60 T6 AWD</i></li>
<li>2019–2021 <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60 II</a> badged as <i>V60 T6 AWD</i></li>
<li>2017–2020 <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60 II</a> badged as <i>XC60 T6 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-MY18enginesFactSheet_138-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY18enginesFactSheet-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2017–2021 <a href="Volvo_S90" title="Volvo S90">Volvo S90 II</a> badged as <i>S90 T6 AWD</i></li>
<li>2017–2021 <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90 II</a> badged as <i>V90 T6 AWD</i></li>
<li>2017–2021 <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90CC</a> badged as <i>V90CC T6 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-18DEV90CCmanualpage624_136-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18DEV90CCmanualpage624-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2022 <a href="Volvo_XC90" title="Volvo XC90">Volvo XC90 II</a><sup id="cite_ref-VTI_VEA_97-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VTI_VEA-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> badged as <i>XC90 T6 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-DEemissionsCO2_145-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEemissionsCO2-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T28">B4204T28</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T28</i><sup id="cite_ref-XC9016-techdetails_150-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-XC9016-techdetails-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (BC), later <i>B4204T28</i> (B1FPHEV) (BR), delivers 318&nbsp;PS (234&nbsp;kW; 314&nbsp;hp)<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at 5700&nbsp;rpm and 400&nbsp;N⋅m (300&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 2200–5400&nbsp;rpm. The rear electric motor (ERAD) delivers 87&nbsp;PS (64&nbsp;kW; 86&nbsp;hp) and 240&nbsp;N⋅m (180&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque. Turbocharger and supercharger.
</p><p>Battery capacity was 9.2&nbsp;kWh for model years 2016 and 2017. It was increased to 10.4&nbsp;kWh<sup id="cite_ref-18deS90Hybrid_154-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18deS90Hybrid-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> beginning with model year 2018.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TG-81SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6b, from model year 2018 emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60 II</a> badged as <i>XC60 T8</i>, <i>XC60 T8 AWD</i>, <i>XC60 Twin Engine</i><sup id="cite_ref-XC60_2_engine_de_155-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-XC60_2_engine_de-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>XC60 T8 TWIN ENGINE AWD</i></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_S90" title="Volvo S90">Volvo S90 II</a> badged as <i>S90 T8</i>, <i>S90 T8 AWD</i>, <i>S90 Twin Engine</i><sup id="cite_ref-18deS90Hybrid_154-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18deS90Hybrid-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>S90 T8 TWIN ENGINE AWD</i></li>
<li>2019–present <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90 II</a> badged as <i>V90 T8</i>, <i>V90 T8 AWD</i>, <i>V90 Twin Engine</i> or <i>V90 T8 TWIN ENGINE AWD</i></li>
<li>2016–present <a href="Volvo_XC90" title="Volvo XC90">Volvo XC90 II</a> badged as <i>XC90 T8</i>, <i>XC90 T8 AWD</i>, <i>XC90 Twin Engine</i> or <i>XC90 T8 TWIN ENGINE AWD</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T29">B4204T29</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T29</i><sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (A3) delivers 310&nbsp;PS (228&nbsp;kW; 306&nbsp;hp) at 5700&nbsp;rpm and 400&nbsp;N⋅m (300&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 2200–5400&nbsp;rpm. Turbocharger and supercharger.
</p><p>In the S60 III and V60 II, and for all other models from and including model year 2020, it delivers 310&nbsp;PS (228&nbsp;kW; 306&nbsp;hp) at 5700&nbsp;rpm and 400&nbsp;N⋅m (300&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 2200–5100&nbsp;rpm. Turbocharger and supercharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TG-81SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6, from model year 2019 on emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2019–present <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60 II</a> badged as <i>V60 T6 AWD</i></li>
<li>2018–2020 <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60 II</a> badged as <i>XC60 T6 AWD</i></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_S90" title="Volvo S90">Volvo S90 II</a> badged as <i>S90 T6 AWD</i></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90 II</a> badged as <i>V90 T6 AWD</i></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90CC</a> badged as <i>V90CC T6 AWD</i></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_XC90" title="Volvo XC90">Volvo XC90 II</a> badged as <i>XC90 T6 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-XC90_de_MY18_148-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-XC90_de_MY18-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T30">B4204T30</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T30</i><sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> delivers 190&nbsp;PS (140&nbsp;kW; 187&nbsp;hp) at 4700&nbsp;rpm and 300&nbsp;N⋅m (220&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1400–4000&nbsp;rpm.<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is available with a 7-speed DCT.
</p><p>Emissions level China VI.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2017–present <a href="Lynk_%26_Co_01" title="Lynk &amp; Co 01">Lynk &amp; Co 01 / 领克01</a><sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> badged as <i>01 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2018–2023 <a href="Lynk_%26_Co_02" title="Lynk &amp; Co 02">Lynk &amp; Co 02 / 领克02</a> badged as <i>02</i>, <i>02 2.0T</i><sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>02 AWD</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T31">B4204T31</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T31</i> (AK) delivers 190&nbsp;PS (140&nbsp;kW; 187&nbsp;hp) at 5000&nbsp;rpm and 300&nbsp;N⋅m (220&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1600–4000&nbsp;rpm. The compression ratio was changed to 11.8:1. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TG-81SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6, beginning with model year 2018 emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_S90" title="Volvo S90">Volvo S90 II</a> badged as <i>S90 T4</i></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90 II</a> badged as <i>V90 T4</i><sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T32">B4204T32</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T32</i><sup id="cite_ref-S60LCNMY17_166-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-S60LCNMY17-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> delivers 238&nbsp;PS (175&nbsp;kW; 235&nbsp;hp) at 5700&nbsp;rpm and 350&nbsp;N⋅m (260&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–4500&nbsp;rpm. The rear electric motor (ERAD) delivers 68&nbsp;PS (50&nbsp;kW; 67&nbsp;hp) and 200&nbsp;N⋅m (150&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque.<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Turbocharger and supercharger.
</p><p>Battery capacity is 11.2&nbsp;kWh.<sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TG-81SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level China V.<sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2016<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>–2019 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60L</a> badged as <i>S60L T6 Twin Engine</i><sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T33">B4204T33</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T33</i> (35) delivers 152&nbsp;PS (112&nbsp;kW; 150&nbsp;hp) at 5000&nbsp;rpm and 250&nbsp;N⋅m (180&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1300–4000&nbsp;rpm.<sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the M76 manual transmission.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40 II</a> badged as <i>V40 T3</i><sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T34">B4204T34</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T34</i><sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (BM)<sup id="cite_ref-BM_is_B4204T34_175-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BM_is_B4204T34-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> delivers 320&nbsp;PS (235&nbsp;kW; 316&nbsp;hp) at 5700&nbsp;rpm and 400&nbsp;N⋅m (300&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 2200–5400&nbsp;rpm. The rear electric motor (ERAD) delivers 87&nbsp;PS (64&nbsp;kW; 86&nbsp;hp) and 240&nbsp;N⋅m (180&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque. Turbocharger and supercharger.
</p><p>In the newly released S60 III and V60 II,<sup id="cite_ref-V60CH_MY19_eAWD_176-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V60CH_MY19_eAWD-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and for all other models from and including model year 2020, it delivers 303&nbsp;PS (223&nbsp;kW; 299&nbsp;hp) at 6000&nbsp;rpm and 400&nbsp;N⋅m (300&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 2200–4800&nbsp;rpm. The rear electric motor (ERAD) delivers 87&nbsp;PS (64&nbsp;kW; 86&nbsp;hp) and 240&nbsp;N⋅m (180&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque. Turbocharger and supercharger.
</p><p>Battery capacity was 10.4&nbsp;kWh for model years 2018 and 2019. It was increased to 11.6&nbsp;kWh<sup id="cite_ref-MY2020_XC90_FL_177-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY2020_XC90_FL-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for model year 2020.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TG-81SD gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2019–present <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 III</a> badged as <i>S60 T8 Twin Engine</i></li>
<li>2019–present <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60 II</a> badged as <i>V60 T8 Twin Engine</i>, <i>V60 T8 Twin Engine AWD</i> or <i>V60 T8 Twin Engine eAWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-V60CH_MY19_eAWD_176-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V60CH_MY19_eAWD-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60 II</a> badged as <i>XC60 T8</i>, <i>XC60 T8 TWIN ENGINE eAWD</i> or <i>XC60 T8 AWD RECHARGE</i></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_S90" title="Volvo S90">Volvo S90 II</a> badged as <i>S90L T8</i>, <i>S90 Excellence</i> or <i>S90L Excellence</i><sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_XC90" title="Volvo XC90">Volvo XC90 II</a> badged as <i>XC90 T8</i> or <i>XC90 T8 TWIN ENGINE</i><sup id="cite_ref-MY2020_XC90_FL_177-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY2020_XC90_FL-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T35">B4204T35</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T35</i><sup id="cite_ref-2016S90specs_149-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016S90specs-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-XC9016-techdetails_150-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-XC9016-techdetails-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (B1APHEV)<sup id="cite_ref-BA_is_B1APHEV_179-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BA_is_B1APHEV-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (BA) delivers 320&nbsp;PS (235&nbsp;kW; 316&nbsp;hp) at 5700&nbsp;rpm and 400&nbsp;N⋅m (300&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 2200–5400&nbsp;rpm. The rear electric motor (ERAD) delivers 87&nbsp;PS (64&nbsp;kW; 86&nbsp;hp) and 240&nbsp;N⋅m (180&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque. Turbocharger and supercharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the <i>AW TG-81SC</i> gearbox.
</p><p>In Europe emissions level Euro 6, upgraded to emissions level Euro 6b, from model year 2018 on Euro 6d-TEMP.<br>
In China emissions level China V,<sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> upgraded to China VI.<sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2020–present <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60 II</a> badged as <i>V60 T8, T8 AWD, T8 Twin Engine AWD, T8 Polestar Engineered </i></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60 II</a> badged as <i>XC60 T8</i>, <i>XC60 T8 AWD</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-MY18enginesFactSheet_138-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY18enginesFactSheet-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>XC60 Twin Engine</i><sup id="cite_ref-XC60_2_engine_de_155-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-XC60_2_engine_de-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>XC60 T8 TWIN ENGINE AWD</i></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_S90" title="Volvo S90">Volvo S90 II</a> badged as <i>S90 T8</i>, <i>S90 T8 AWD</i>, <i>S90 Twin Engine</i> or <i>S90 T8 TWIN ENGINE AWD</i> or <i>S90 RECHARGE T8</i></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90 II</a> badged as <i>V90 T8</i>, <i>V90 T8 AWD</i>, <i>V90 Twin Engine</i> or <i>V90 T8 TWIN ENGINE AWD</i></li>
<li>2016–present <a href="Volvo_XC90" title="Volvo XC90">Volvo XC90 II</a> badged as <i>XC90 T8</i>, <i>XC90 T8 AWD</i>, <i>XC90 Twin Engine</i><sup id="cite_ref-182" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>XC90 T8 TWIN ENGINE AWD</i></li>
<li>2021–present <a href="Lynk_%26_Co_09" title="Lynk &amp; Co 09">Lynk &amp; Co 09</a> PHEV <i>2.0T+8AT PHEV electric four-wheel drive</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T36">B4204T36</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T36</i> (3) delivers 249&nbsp;PS (183&nbsp;kW; 246&nbsp;hp) at 5500&nbsp;rpm and 350&nbsp;N⋅m (260&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1800–4500&nbsp;rpm.<sup id="cite_ref-DE_XC40_MY18_handbuch_130-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DE_XC40_MY18_handbuch-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Single turbocharger.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_XC40" title="Volvo XC40">Volvo XC40</a> badged as <i>XC40 T5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-DE_XC40_MY18_handbuch_130-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DE_XC40_MY18_handbuch-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T37">B4204T37</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T37</i><sup id="cite_ref-DEV40MY17OOM_183-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEV40MY17OOM-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (37) delivers 152&nbsp;PS (112&nbsp;kW; 150&nbsp;hp) at 5000&nbsp;rpm and 250&nbsp;N⋅m (180&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1300–4000&nbsp;rpm. The compression ratio was changed to 11.3:1. Engine variant for cars equipped with a manual gearbox. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the M66H gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40 II</a> badged as <i>V40 T3</i><sup id="cite_ref-V40MY17techdata_184-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V40MY17techdata-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40CC</a> badged as <i>V40CC T3</i></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a> badged as <i>S60 T3</i></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_V60#First_generation_(2010–2018)" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60</a> badged as <i>V60 T3</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T38">B4204T38</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T38</i><sup id="cite_ref-DEV40MY17OOM_183-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEV40MY17OOM-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (21) delivers 122&nbsp;PS (90&nbsp;kW; 120&nbsp;hp) at 5000&nbsp;rpm and 220&nbsp;N⋅m (160&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–4800&nbsp;rpm. The compression ratio was changed to 11.3:1. Engine variant for cars equipped with a manual gearbox. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine was only available with the M66H gearbox until model year 2017, afterwards it was only available with the M76 gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2016–2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40 II</a> badged as <i>V40 T2</i><sup id="cite_ref-V40MY17techdata_184-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V40MY17techdata-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T41">B4204T41</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T41</i><sup id="cite_ref-DEV40MY17OOM_183-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEV40MY17OOM-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> delivers 245&nbsp;PS (180&nbsp;kW; 242&nbsp;hp) at 5500&nbsp;rpm and 350&nbsp;N⋅m (260&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–4800&nbsp;rpm. The compression ratio was changed to 8.6:1. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2016–2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40 II</a> badged as <i>V40 T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-185" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2017–2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40CC</a> badged as <i>V40CC T5</i> or <i>V40CC T5 AWD</i></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a> badged as <i>S60 T5</i></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_V60#First_generation_(2010–2018)" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60</a> badged as <i>V60 T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-DEV60MY2017page454_133-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEV60MY2017page454-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2017 <a href="Volvo_XC60#First_generation_(2008–2017)" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60</a> badged as <i>XC60 T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-186" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T43">B4204T43</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T43</i><sup id="cite_ref-DEV60MY2017page454_133-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEV60MY2017page454-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (A0) delivers 367&nbsp;PS (270&nbsp;kW; 362&nbsp;hp) at 6000&nbsp;rpm and 470&nbsp;N⋅m (350&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 3100–5100&nbsp;rpm. The compression ratio was changed to 8.6:1.<sup id="cite_ref-DES60_S60CC_MY18_187-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DES60_S60CC_MY18-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Turbocharger and supercharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TG-81SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2017–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a> badged as <i>S60 Polestar</i><sup id="cite_ref-188" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2017–2018 <a href="Volvo_V60#First_generation_(2010–2018)" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60</a> badged as <i>V60 Polestar</i><sup id="cite_ref-189" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-189"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204L43">B4204L43</h4></div>
<p>The B4204L43 delivers 350&nbsp;PS (257&nbsp;kW; 345&nbsp;hp) at 6000&nbsp;rpm and 450&nbsp;N⋅m (330&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 3000–5000&nbsp;rpm. Turbocharger and supercharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TG-81SC gearbox.
</p><p>Applications:
</p><p>[[Lynk &amp; Co 03|]]
</p>
<ul><li>2024-present <a href="Lynk_%26_Co_03" title="Lynk &amp; Co 03">Lynk &amp; Co 03 / 领克03</a> badged as <i>03+Racing, 03+TCR Cyan</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T44">B4204T44</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T44</i> (AL) delivers 190&nbsp;PS (140&nbsp;kW; 187&nbsp;hp) at 5000&nbsp;rpm and 350&nbsp;N⋅m (260&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1400–4000&nbsp;rpm. The compression ratio was changed to 10.8:1.<sup id="cite_ref-190" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2020–present <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60 II</a> badged as <i>V60 T4'</i><sup id="cite_ref-V60INT_MY20_191-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V60INT_MY20-191"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60 II</a> badged as <i>XC60 T4</i></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_S90" title="Volvo S90">Volvo S90L</a> badged as <i>S90长轴距 T4</i><sup id="cite_ref-192" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2017chineseS90_142-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2017chineseS90-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2018–present <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90 II</a> badged as <i>V90 T4</i><sup id="cite_ref-V90DE_MY18_page628_143-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V90DE_MY18_page628-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T45">B4204T45</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T45</i> (??) delivers 253&nbsp;PS (186&nbsp;kW; 250&nbsp;hp) at 5500&nbsp;rpm and 350&nbsp;N⋅m (260&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1700–5000&nbsp;rpm. The rear electric motor (ERAD) delivers 87&nbsp;PS (64&nbsp;kW; 86&nbsp;hp) and 240&nbsp;N⋅m (180&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque. Turbocharger and supercharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with an automatic gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2020–present <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 III</a> badged as <i>S60 T6</i>, <i>S60 T6 AWD</i> or <i>S60 T6 Twin Engine</i></li>
<li>2019–present <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60 II</a> badged as <i>V60 T8</i>, <i>V60 T8 AWD</i> or <i>V60 T8 Twin Engine</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T46">B4204T46</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T46</i><sup id="cite_ref-V60CH_MY19_eAWD_176-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V60CH_MY19_eAWD-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (BF) delivers 253&nbsp;PS (186&nbsp;kW; 250&nbsp;hp) at 5500&nbsp;rpm and 400&nbsp;N⋅m (300&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1700–5000&nbsp;rpm. The rear electric motor (ERAD) delivers 87&nbsp;PS (64&nbsp;kW; 86&nbsp;hp) and 240&nbsp;N⋅m (180&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque. Turbocharger and supercharger.
</p><p>Battery capacity was 10.4&nbsp;kWh for model year 2019. It was increased to 11.6&nbsp;kWh for model year 2020.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TG-81SD gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2020–present <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a> badged as <i>S60 T6 AWD</i></li>
<li>2019–present <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60 II</a> badged as <i>V60 T6 Twin Engine</i>, <i>V60 T6 Twin Engine AWD</i> or <i>V60 T6 Twin Engine eAWD</i></li>
<li>2021–present <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60 II</a> badged as <i>XC60 Recharge T6</i> or <i>V60 T6 AWD Recharge</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T47">B4204T47</h4></div>
<p>The <i>B4204T47</i><sup id="cite_ref-XC40MY19_NL_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-XC40MY19_NL-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (AC) delivers 190&nbsp;PS (140&nbsp;kW; 187&nbsp;hp) at 4700&nbsp;rpm and 300&nbsp;N⋅m (220&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1400–4000&nbsp;rpm. The compression ratio was changed to 11.3:1. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TG-81SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2019–present <a href="Volvo_XC40" title="Volvo XC40">Volvo XC40</a> badged as <i>XC40 T4</i> or <i>XC40 T4 AWD</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T48">B4204T48</h4></div>

<p>The <i>B4204T48</i> (BT) delivers 318&nbsp;PS (234&nbsp;kW; 314&nbsp;hp) at 5800–6100&nbsp;rpm and 430&nbsp;N⋅m (317&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque at 4500&nbsp;rpm. The rear electric motor (ERAD) delivers 87 PS (64 kW; 86 hp) and 240 N⋅m (180 lb⋅ft) of torque. Turbocharger and supercharger.
</p><p>Battery capacity is 11.6 kWh.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TG-81SD gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2020–2022 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 III</a> badged as <i>S60 Polestar Engineered</i> or <i>S60 T8 Twin Engine Polestar Engineered</i></li>
<li>2020–2022 <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60 II</a> badged as <i>V60 Polestar Engineered</i> or <i>V60 T8 Twin Engine Polestar Engineered</i></li>
<li>2020–2022 <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60 II</a> badged as <i>XC60 Polestar Engineered</i> or <i>XC60 T8 Twin Engine Polestar Engineered</i></li>
<li>2019 <a href="Polestar_1" title="Polestar 1">Polestar 1</a> badged as <i>Polestar 1</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T49">B4204T49</h4></div>
<p>•Power Output: 246 kW (335 hp) at 6000 rpm
</p><p>•Torque: 430 Nm at 4500 rpm
</p><p>•Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2020–present Volvo XC60 T8 Twin Engine Polestar</li>
<li>2020–present Volvo S60 T8 Twin Engine Polestar Engineered</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T52">B4204T52</h4></div>
<p>•Power Output: 186 kW (253 hp) at 5500 rpm
</p><p>•Torque: 350 Nm between 2600–5000 rpm
</p><p>•Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2020–present Volvo XC60 T6 AWD Twin Engine</li>
<li>2020–present Volvo V60 T6 Twin Engine</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T53">B4204T53</h4></div>
<p>•Power Output: 233 kW (317 hp) at 6000 rpm
</p><p>•Torque: 400 Nm between 3000–5400 rpm
</p><p>•Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2020–present Volvo XC60 T8 AWD Twin Engine</li>
<li>2020–present Volvo S60 T8 Twin Engine</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T56">B4204T56</h4></div>
<p>•Power Output: 228 kW (310 hp) at 6000 rpm
</p><p>•Maximum Rated Power: 253 kW (344 hp) at 6000 rpm
</p><p>•Torque: 400 Nm between 3000–4800 rpm
</p><p>•Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2020–present Volvo XC60 T8 AWD Twin Engine</li>
<li>2021–present Volvo S90 T8 AWD Twin Engine</li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204T57">B4204T57</h4></div>
<p>•Power Output: 233 kW (317 hp) at 6000 rpm
</p><p>•Torque: 400 Nm between 3000–5400 rpm
</p><p>•Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2020–present Volvo XC60 T8 AWD Twin Engine</li>
<li>2020–present Volvo S60 T8 Twin Engine</li>
<li>2020–present Volvo V60 T8 Twin Engine</li></ul>
<p><sup id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-193"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="B4204TSH">B4204TSH</h4></div>
<p>•Power Output: 233.5 kW (313 hp) at 6000 rpm
</p><p>•Torque: 400 Nm between 3000–5400 rpm
</p><p>•Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2022–present <a href="Volvo_XC90#T8" title="Volvo XC90">Volvo XC90 T8 Recharge</a></li>
<li>2022–present <a href="Volvo_XC60#Plug-in_hybrid" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60 T8 Recharge</a></li>
<li>2022–present Volvo S90 T8 Recharge</li>
<li>2022–present <a href="Volvo_S60#Engines_3" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 T8 Recharge</a></li>
<li>2022–present Volvo V60 T8 Recharge</li></ul>
<p><sup id="cite_ref-194" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-194"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diesel_(VED4)_(2013-2024)">Diesel (VED4) (2013-2024)</h2></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2.0_2">2.0</h3></div>
<p>All 2.0&nbsp;L (1,969&nbsp;cc) diesel engines have a bore of 82&nbsp;mm (3.2&nbsp;in) and a stroke of 93.2&nbsp;mm (3.7&nbsp;in) with a compression ratio of 15.8:1.<sup id="cite_ref-2016XC90engines_89-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016XC90engines-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All engines are turbocharged and intercooled, certain variants are twin turbocharged. Some variants additionally are equipped with Variable Nozzle Turbine (VNT)<sup id="cite_ref-VNT_195-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VNT-195"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> turbochargers.<sup id="cite_ref-swedespeed1_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-swedespeed1-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In order to achieve injection pressures of up to 2500 bar all engines are equipped with a belt driven fuel pump.<sup id="cite_ref-Drive-E_196-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Drive-E-196"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> High power variants are equipped with balancer shafts and all variants have a mechanical water pump.<sup id="cite_ref-197" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-197"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>190<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Volvo has ceased production of all diesel engines, with the last diesel-equipped vehicle built in March 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-198" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-198"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>191<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="D420T2_/_D4204T2">D420T2 / D4204T2</h4></div>
<p>The <i>D420T2 / D4204T2</i><sup id="cite_ref-MY2020_XC90_FL_177-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY2020_XC90_FL-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (K2) delivers 235&nbsp;PS (173&nbsp;kW; 232&nbsp;hp) at 4000&nbsp;rpm and 480&nbsp;N⋅m (350&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1750–2250&nbsp;rpm. The BISG delivers 14&nbsp;PS (10&nbsp;kW; 14&nbsp;hp) at 3000&nbsp;rpm and 50&nbsp;N⋅m (37&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 0–2300&nbsp;rpm. Twin turbochargers.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AWF8G55 gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2020–2024 <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60 II</a> badged as <i>XC60 B5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-NLXC60_MY20_199-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NLXC60_MY20-199"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2020–2024 <a href="Volvo_XC90" title="Volvo XC90">Volvo XC90 II</a> badged as <i>XC90 B5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-200" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-200"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>193<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NLXC90_MY20_201-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NLXC90_MY20-201"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="D420T8_/_D4204T8">D420T8 / D4204T8</h4></div>
<p>The <i>D420T8 / D4204T8</i> (K5) delivers 197&nbsp;PS (145&nbsp;kW; 194&nbsp;hp) at 4000&nbsp;rpm and 420&nbsp;N⋅m (310&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1750–2750&nbsp;rpm. The BISG delivers 14&nbsp;PS (10&nbsp;kW; 14&nbsp;hp) at 3000&nbsp;rpm and 50&nbsp;N⋅m (37&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 0–2300&nbsp;rpm. Twin turbochargers.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AWF8G55 gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-Temp.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2020–2024 <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60 II</a> badged as <i>XC60 B4 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-NLXC60_MY20_199-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NLXC60_MY20-199"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="D4204T4">D4204T4</h4></div>
<p>The <i>D4204T4</i><sup id="cite_ref-V90_Specs_202-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V90_Specs-202"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (AR) originally delivered 150&nbsp;PS (110&nbsp;kW; 148&nbsp;hp) at 4250&nbsp;rpm, and 350&nbsp;N⋅m (260&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–2500&nbsp;rpm. Upgraded to 163&nbsp;PS (120&nbsp;kW; 161&nbsp;hp) at 4250&nbsp;rpm, and 400&nbsp;N⋅m (300&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–2500&nbsp;rpm. Twin turbochargers.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6, later upgraded to emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2017–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60CC</a> badged as <i>S60CC D3 AWD</i></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60CC</a> badged as <i>V60CC D3</i><sup id="cite_ref-V60CC_engine_18_de_109-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V60CC_engine_18_de-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60</a> badged as <i>XC60 D3</i></li>
<li>2019–2024 <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60 II</a> badged as <i>V60 D3 AWD</i></li>
<li>2019–2024 <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60CC II</a> badged as <i>V60CC D3 AWD</i></li>
<li>2018–2024 <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60 II</a> badged as <i>XC60 D3</i></li>
<li>2017–2024 <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90 II</a> badged as <i>V90 D3 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-DE2017V90engines_203-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DE2017V90engines-203"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-V90DE_MY18_page628_143-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V90DE_MY18_page628-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2020–2024 <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60 II</a> badged as <i>XC60 D4</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="D4204T5">D4204T5</h4></div>
<p>The <i>D4204T5</i><sup id="cite_ref-UK_V60_Specs_204-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UK_V60_Specs-204"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>197<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (73) delivers 181&nbsp;PS (133&nbsp;kW; 179&nbsp;hp) at 4250&nbsp;rpm and 400&nbsp;N⋅m (300&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1750–2500&nbsp;rpm. Twin turbochargers.
</p><p>This engine is available with the M66, AW TF-71SC and AW TG-81SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2014–2015 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a> badged as <i>S60 D4</i></li>
<li>2014–2015 <a href="Volvo_V60#First_generation_(2010–2018)" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60</a> badged as <i>V60 D4</i><sup id="cite_ref-gernewengines_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gernewengines-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2014–2016 <a href="Volvo_S80#Second_generation_(2006–2016)" title="Volvo S80">Volvo S80 II</a> badged as <i>S80 D4</i><sup id="cite_ref-ATS80MY16_pricelist_113-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ATS80MY16_pricelist-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2014–2016 <a href="Volvo_V70#Third_generation_(2007–2016)" title="Volvo V70">Volvo V70 III</a> badged as <i>V70 D4</i><sup id="cite_ref-UK_V70_Specs_205-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UK_V70_Specs-205"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>198<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DEV70MY16pricelist_115-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEV70MY16pricelist-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2014–2016 <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60</a> badged as <i>XC60 D4</i><sup id="cite_ref-2016_XC70_specs_117-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016_XC70_specs-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2014–2016 <a href="Volvo_V70#Third_generation_(2007–2016)" title="Volvo V70">Volvo XC70 II</a> badged as <i>XC70 D4</i><sup id="cite_ref-2016_XC70_specs_117-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016_XC70_specs-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="D4204T6">D4204T6</h4></div>
<p>The <i>D4204T6</i> (A7) delivers 190&nbsp;PS (140&nbsp;kW; 187&nbsp;hp) at 4250&nbsp;rpm and 420&nbsp;N⋅m (310&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–2500&nbsp;rpm. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_XC90" title="Volvo XC90">Volvo XC90 II</a> badged as <i>XC90 D4 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-DEemissionsCO2_145-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEemissionsCO2-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="D4204T8">D4204T8</h4></div>
<p>The <i>D4204T8</i> (74) delivers 120&nbsp;PS (88&nbsp;kW; 118&nbsp;hp) at 3750&nbsp;rpm and 280&nbsp;N⋅m (210&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–2250&nbsp;rpm.<sup id="cite_ref-DE_V60_Specs_206-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DE_V60_Specs-206"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>199<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The compression ratio was changed to 16.0:1. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>This engine was available with the M66 gearbox until model year 2017, afterwards it was available with the M76 gearbox. All model years are available with the AW TF-71SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6, upgraded to Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2016–2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40 II</a> badged as <i>V40 D2</i><sup id="cite_ref-207" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-207"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>200<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40CC</a> badged as <i>V40CC D2</i></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a> badged as <i>S60 D2</i><sup id="cite_ref-UK_S60_Specs_208-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UK_S60_Specs-208"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>201<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_V60#First_generation_(2010–2018)" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60</a> badged as <i>V60 D2</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="D4204T9">D4204T9</h4></div>
<p>The <i>D4204T9</i><sup id="cite_ref-V60_Specs_209-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V60_Specs-209"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>202<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (79) delivers 150&nbsp;PS (110&nbsp;kW; 148&nbsp;hp) at 3750&nbsp;rpm and 320&nbsp;N⋅m (240&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1750–3000&nbsp;rpm. The compression ratio was changed to 16.0:1. Single turbocharger with VNT.<sup id="cite_ref-DEV70MY16pricelist_115-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEV70MY16pricelist-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-210" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-210"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>nb 8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>This engine was available with the M66F gearbox until model year 2017, afterwards it was available with the M76 gearbox. All model years are available with the AW TF-71SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6, upgraded to Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2016–2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40 II</a> badged as <i>V40 D3</i></li>
<li>2016–2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40CC</a> badged as <i>V40CC D3</i></li>
<li>2018–2024 <a href="Volvo_XC40" title="Volvo XC40">Volvo XC40</a> badged as <i>XC40 D3</i> or <i>XC40 D3 AWD</i></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a> badged as <i>S60 D3</i></li>
<li>2016–2019 <a href="Volvo_V60#First_generation_(2010–2018)" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60</a> badged as <i>V60 D3</i><sup id="cite_ref-UKV60MY16page425_88-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UKV60MY16page425-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016 <a href="Volvo_V70#Third_generation_(2007–2016)" title="Volvo V70">Volvo V70 III</a> badged as <i>V70 D3</i><sup id="cite_ref-V70_Specs_211-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V70_Specs-211"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>203<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2017–2019 <a href="Volvo_S90" title="Volvo S90">Volvo S90 II</a> badged as <i>S90 D3</i><sup id="cite_ref-S90_Specs_212-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-S90_Specs-212"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>204<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2017–2019 <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90 II</a> badged as <i>V90 D3</i><sup id="cite_ref-V90DE_MY18_page628_143-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V90DE_MY18_page628-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="D4204T11">D4204T11</h4></div>
<p>The <i>D4204T11</i><sup id="cite_ref-2016XC90engines_89-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016XC90engines-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (A4) delivers 225&nbsp;PS (165&nbsp;kW; 222&nbsp;hp) at 4250&nbsp;rpm and 470&nbsp;N⋅m (350&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1750–2500&nbsp;rpm. Twin turbochargers.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TG-81SC gearbox.<sup id="cite_ref-S60NL_MY17_213-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-S60NL_MY17-213"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>205<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6b.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a> badged as <i>S60 D5</i><sup id="cite_ref-S60NL_MY17_213-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-S60NL_MY17-213"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>205<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-S60NL_MY18_214-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-S60NL_MY18-214"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>206<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_V60#First_generation_(2010–2018)" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60</a> badged as <i>V60 D5</i></li>
<li>2016 <a href="Volvo_XC90" title="Volvo XC90">Volvo XC90 II</a> badged as <i>XC90 D5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-DEemissionsCO2_145-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEemissionsCO2-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="D4204T12">D4204T12</h4></div>
<p>The <i>D4204T12</i> (A6) delivers 190&nbsp;PS (140&nbsp;kW; 187&nbsp;hp) at 4000&nbsp;rpm and 400&nbsp;N⋅m (300&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1750–2500&nbsp;rpm. Twin turbochargers.
</p><p>The engine is equipped with a SCR system that has a 14.5 L AdBlue tank.<sup id="cite_ref-DEXC40MY19_215-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEXC40MY19-215"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>207<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2018–2024 <a href="Volvo_XC40" title="Volvo XC40">Volvo XC40</a> badged as <i>XC40 D4 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-DEXC40MY19_215-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEXC40MY19-215"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>207<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="D4204T13">D4204T13</h4></div>
<p>The <i>D4204T13</i> (70) delivers 120&nbsp;PS (88&nbsp;kW; 118&nbsp;hp) at 3750&nbsp;rpm and 280&nbsp;N⋅m (210&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–2250&nbsp;rpm. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40 II</a> badged as <i>V40 D2</i><sup id="cite_ref-MY19_V40_V40CC_82-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MY19_V40_V40CC-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40CC</a> badged as <i>V40CC D2</i><sup id="cite_ref-216" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-216"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>208<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="D4204T14">D4204T14</h4></div>
<p>The <i>D4204T14</i><sup id="cite_ref-2016S90specs_149-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016S90specs-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (A8) delivers 190&nbsp;PS (140&nbsp;kW; 187&nbsp;hp) at 4250&nbsp;rpm and 400&nbsp;N⋅m (300&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1750–2500&nbsp;rpm. Twin turbochargers.
</p><p>This engine is available with the M66F and AW TG-81SC gearbox.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6 for CC models,<sup id="cite_ref-SV60CCNL_MY17_217-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SV60CCNL_MY17-217"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>209<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> non CC models Euro 6b<sup id="cite_ref-S60NL_MY17_213-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-S60NL_MY17-213"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>205<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for model years 2016 to 2018 and for the XC60 II, V60 II emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2015–2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40 II</a> badged as <i>V40 D4</i><sup id="cite_ref-DEV40MY15engines_105-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEV40MY15engines-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2015–2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40CC</a> badged as <i>V40CC D4</i><sup id="cite_ref-DEV40CCMY15engines_218-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEV40CCMY15engines-218"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>210<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a> badged as <i>S60 D4</i><sup id="cite_ref-S60NL_MY17_213-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-S60NL_MY17-213"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>205<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60CC</a> badged as <i>S60CC D4</i><sup id="cite_ref-SV60CCNL_MY17_217-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SV60CCNL_MY17-217"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>209<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_V60#First_generation_(2010–2018)" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60</a> badged as <i>V60 D4</i></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60CC</a> badged as <i>V60CC D4</i><sup id="cite_ref-V60CC_engine_18_de_109-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-V60CC_engine_18_de-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2019–2024 <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60 II</a> badged as <i>V60 D4</i> or <i>V60 D4 AWD</i></li>
<li>2019–2024 <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60CC II</a> badged as <i>V60CC D4 AWD</i></li>
<li>2014–2017 <a href="Volvo_XC60#First_generation_(2008–2017)" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60</a> badged as <i>XC60 D4</i><sup id="cite_ref-UK_XC60_specs_219-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UK_XC60_specs-219"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>211<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2017–2024 <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60 II</a> badged as <i>XC60 D4</i> or <i>XC60 D4 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-newXC60specsMY18_220-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newXC60specsMY18-220"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>212<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2024 <a href="Volvo_S90" title="Volvo S90">Volvo S90 II</a> badged as <i>S90 D4</i> or <i>S90 D4 AWD</i></li>
<li>2016–2024 <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90 II</a> badged as <i>V90 D4</i> or <i>V90 D4 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-DE2017V90engines_203-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DE2017V90engines-203"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2016–2024 <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90CC</a> badged as <i>V90CC D4 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-18DEV90CCmanualpage624_136-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18DEV90CCmanualpage624-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2015–2024 <a href="Volvo_XC90" title="Volvo XC90">Volvo XC90 II</a> badged as <i>XC90 D4</i><sup id="cite_ref-DEemissionsCO2_145-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEemissionsCO2-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="D4204T16">D4204T16</h4></div>
<p>The <i>D4204T16</i> (72) delivers 150&nbsp;PS (110&nbsp;kW; 148&nbsp;hp) at 3750&nbsp;rpm and 320&nbsp;N⋅m (240&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1750–3000&nbsp;rpm. The compression ratio was changed to 16.0:1. Single turbocharger.<sup id="cite_ref-DEXC40MY19_215-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEXC40MY19-215"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>207<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>This engine is available with the M76 R7.0, M66F and AW TG-81SC gearbox.
</p><p>The engine is equipped with a SCR system that has a 11.5 L AdBlue tank for SPA models or 14.5 L AdBlue tank for CMA models.<sup id="cite_ref-DEXC40MY19_215-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEXC40MY19-215"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>207<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2018–2019 <a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">Volvo V40CC</a> badged as <i>V40CC D3</i></li>
<li>2018–2024 <a href="Volvo_XC40" title="Volvo XC40">Volvo XC40</a> badged as <i>XC40 D3</i> or <i>XC40 D3 AWD'</i><sup id="cite_ref-DEXC40MY19_215-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DEXC40MY19-215"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>207<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2019–2024 <a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60 II</a> badged as <i>V60 D3</i></li>
<li>2019–2024 <a href="Volvo_S90" title="Volvo S90">Volvo S90 II</a> badged as <i>S90 D3</i></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="D4204T20">D4204T20</h4></div>
<p>The <i>D4204T20</i><sup id="cite_ref-skandix.de_1037520_221-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-skandix.de_1037520-221"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>213<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (78) delivers 120&nbsp;PS (88&nbsp;kW; 118&nbsp;hp) at 3750&nbsp;rpm and 280&nbsp;N⋅m (210&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1500–2250&nbsp;rpm. Engine variant for cars equipped with an automatic gearbox. Single turbocharger.
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6b.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">Volvo S60 II</a> badged as <i>S60 D2</i></li>
<li>2016–2018 <a href="Volvo_V60#First_generation_(2010–2018)" title="Volvo V60">Volvo V60</a> badged as <i>V60 D2</i></li>
<li>2015–2016 <a href="Volvo_V70#Third_generation_(2007–2016)" title="Volvo V70">Volvo V70 III</a> badged as <i>V70 D2</i><sup id="cite_ref-222" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-222"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>214<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DE2016V70engines_223-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DE2016V70engines-223"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>215<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="D4204T23">D4204T23</h4></div>
<p>The <i>D4204T23</i><sup id="cite_ref-2016S90specs_149-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016S90specs-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19DEXC90manual_224-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19DEXC90manual-224"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>216<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (65) delivers 235&nbsp;PS (173&nbsp;kW; 232&nbsp;hp) at 4000&nbsp;rpm and 480&nbsp;N⋅m (350&nbsp;lb⋅ft) of torque in the range of 1750–2250&nbsp;rpm. Twin turbochargers, one with VNT. Equipped with PowerPulse.
</p><p>This engine is only available with the AW TG-81SC gearbox.
</p><p>Starting with model year 2018 the engine is equipped with a SCR system that has a 11.5 L AdBlue tank except model year 2018 built between week 43 2017 - 01 2018).<sup id="cite_ref-19DEXC90manual_224-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19DEXC90manual-224"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>216<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p><p>Emissions level Euro 6, for model year 2018 upgraded to emissions level Euro 6d-TEMP.
</p><p>Applications:
</p>
<ul><li>2018–2024 <a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">Volvo XC60 II</a> badged as <i>XC60 D5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-newXC60specsMY18_220-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newXC60specsMY18-220"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>212<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2017–2024 <a href="Volvo_S90" title="Volvo S90">Volvo S90 II</a> badged as <i>S90 D5 AWD</i></li>
<li>2017–2024 <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90 II</a> badged as <i>V90 D5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-2016_V90_Specs_225-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016_V90_Specs-225"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>217<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2017–2024 <a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">Volvo V90CC</a> badged as <i>V90CC D5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-18DEV90CCmanualpage624_136-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18DEV90CCmanualpage624-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>
<li>2017–2024 <a href="Volvo_XC90" title="Volvo XC90">Volvo XC90 II</a> badged as <i>XC90 D5 AWD</i><sup id="cite_ref-19DEXC90manual_224-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19DEXC90manual-224"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>216<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div>
<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}


/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-3">
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Volvo Personvagnar AB Komponentvägen 2</li><li>[Volvo Cars AB component factory 2]</li><li>and</li><li>Zhangjiakou Volvo Engine Manufacturing Co., Ltd.</li></ul></div></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zhejiang Geely Luoyou Engine Co., Ltd.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">GB18352.5-2013 国V</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">DEF</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chinese for 'Long Wheelbase'</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Referred to as <i>S90 China Version T5</i> by Volvo or informally as <i>S90L T5</i></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-192"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Referred to as <i>S90 China Version T4</i> by Volvo or informally as <i>S90L T4</i></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-210"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">listed as VTG in the brochure</span>
</li>
</ol></div>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>
<div class="reflist">
<div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("./mw/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("./mw/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("./mw/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("./mw/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}


/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geelyauto.com.hk/core/files/financial/en/2017-02.pdf">"Geely annual report 2017"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.geelyauto.com.hk</i> (in English and Chinese). Geely Automobile Holdings Ltd. 2017. p.&nbsp;13. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180519033147/http://www.geelyauto.com.hk/core/files/financial/en/2017-02.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2018-05-19.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paultan.org/2022/07/05/proton-unveils-1-5l-tgdi-engine-assembly-line-in-tanjung-malim/">"Proton launches 1.5L TGDi engine plant in Tg Malim – 180k capacity; first outside of China; 47% automation"</a>. <i>www.paultan.org</i>. Paul Tan’s Automotive News. 5 July 2022.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-VED_GEN_I_&amp;_VEP_GEN_I-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-VED_GEN_I_&amp;_VEP_GEN_I_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPeter_Granqvist2017" class="citation web cs1">Peter Granqvist (5 October 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.energimyndigheten.se/contentassets/8e9d250e9d534d848e37d637a99d2073/session-8/5-hogeffektiv-otto-motor-med-hogtrycksinsprutning.pdf">"High efficient SI-engine with ultra high injection pressure [Research @ Chalmers University]"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.energimyndigheten.se</i>. DENSO EUROPE. p.&nbsp;14. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171022104505/http://www.energimyndigheten.se/contentassets/8e9d250e9d534d848e37d637a99d2073/session-8/5-hogeffektiv-otto-motor-med-hogtrycksinsprutning.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-10-22.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171022131730/http://www.olpidurr.it/fileadmin/user_upload/cfs/CSP_LIBRARY/05-News_Events/Documents/1601_CSP_PR_Volvo_Award_EN.pdf">"Dürr Ecoclean received Award of Excellence from Volvo Car China"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.olpidurr.it</i>. January 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.olpidurr.it/fileadmin/user_upload/cfs/CSP_LIBRARY/05-News_Events/Documents/1601_CSP_PR_Volvo_Award_EN.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2017-10-22.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTommie_HeikkinenJohn_Tagesson_Ritz2015" class="citation thesis cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tommie Heikkinen; John Tagesson Ritz (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publications.lib.chalmers.se/records/fulltext/219357/219357.pdf"><i>Utredning och automatisering av verifieringsprocesser</i></a> [<i>Investigation and automation of verification processes</i>] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>publications.lib.chalmers.se</i> (Examensarbete (Elektroingenjör)) (in Swedish and English). Handledare: Manne Stenberg; Examinator: Bertil Thomas. Gothenburg, Sweden: CHALMERS TEKNISKA HÖGSKOLA. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">22–</span>23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-06-07</span></span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTankai_Zhang2017" class="citation web cs1">Tankai Zhang (10 October 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.energimyndigheten.se/contentassets/8e9d250e9d534d848e37d637a99d2073/session-8/4-butanol-som-bransle-for-dieselmotorer.pdf">"Butanol as an alternative fuel for Diesel engines"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.energimyndigheten.se</i>. Chalmers University. p.&nbsp;6. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171022165610/http://www.energimyndigheten.se/contentassets/8e9d250e9d534d848e37d637a99d2073/session-8/4-butanol-som-bransle-for-dieselmotorer.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-10-22.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMatt_Burt2015" class="citation web cs1">Matt Burt (5 January 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.autocar.co.uk/car-review/volvo/v40/first-drives/volvo-v40-cross-country-drive-e-three-cylinder-prototype-review">"Volvo V40 Cross Country Drive-E three-cylinder prototype review"</a>. <i>www.autocar.co.uk</i>. AutoCar. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160621011707/https://www.autocar.co.uk/car-review/volvo/v40/first-drives/volvo-v40-cross-country-drive-e-three-cylinder-prototype-review">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-06-21.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTomas_Johannesson2017" class="citation techreport cs1">Tomas Johannesson (25 August 2017). <i>Development of a dry timing belt system for a 3-cylinder engine</i> (Technical report). The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1299%2Fjsmeimpt.2017.11-04">10.1299/jsmeimpt.2017.11-04</a>. 2017.11-04.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFEddie_Pröckl2017" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Eddie Pröckl (1 February 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nyteknik.se/fordon/sveriges-nya-biljatte-pluggar-in-6821723">"Sveriges nya biljätte pluggar in"</a> [Sweden's new car giant plugs in]. <i>www.nyteknik.se</i> (in Swedish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170201083056/https://www.nyteknik.se/fordon/sveriges-nya-biljatte-pluggar-in-6821723">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-02-01.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFJessica_FahlgrenAndreas_Telander2015" class="citation web cs1">Jessica Fahlgren; Andreas Telander (Spring 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diva-portal.se/smash/get/diva2:846778/FULLTEXT01.pdf">"Building a new production line - Problems, pitfalls and how to gain social sustainability"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.diva-portal.se</i>. University of Skövde. pp.&nbsp;38, 39, 55, 64. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171022131745/http://www.diva-portal.se/smash/get/diva2:846778/FULLTEXT01.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-10-22.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-volvocars.com-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-volvocars.com_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-volvocars.com_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/49035">"Volvo Car Group starts production of a new engine family"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i> (Press release). Volvo Car Corporation. 13 May 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170312052019/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/49035">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-03-12.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-0,5Lcyl-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-0,5Lcyl_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-0,5Lcyl_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-0,5Lcyl_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGary_Witzenburg2015" class="citation web cs1">Gary Witzenburg (26 October 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wardsauto.com/miscellaneous/efficient-drive-e-engines-transforming-volvo">"Efficient Drive-E engines transforming Volvo"</a>. <i>www.wardsauto.com</i>. Informa USA Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151212160737/http://wardsauto.com/miscellaneous/efficient-drive-e-engines-transforming-volvo">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-12-12.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2012pressrelease-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2012pressrelease_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2012pressrelease_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/47035">"Volvo Car Group invests in Sweden for next-generation vehicle architecture and engines"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i> (Press release). Volvo Car Corporation. 3 December 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160820020534/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/47035">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-08-20.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-1,5L-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-1,5L_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1,5L_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFAv_Erik_Söderholm2015" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Av Erik Söderholm (28 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.automotorsport.se/artiklar/nyheter/20150428/volvonyheterna-infor-2016-nya-vea-motorer-och-snalare-dieselfemmor">"Volvonyheterna inför 2016: Nya VEA-motorer och snålare dieselfemmor"</a> [Volvo news for 2016: New VEA engines and smaller diesel engines]. <i>www.automotorsport.se</i> (in Swedish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170702151519/http://www.mestmotor.se/automotorsport/artiklar/nyheter/20150428/volvonyheterna-infor-2016-nya-vea-motorer-och-snalare-dieselfemmor">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-02.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://global.geely.com/2017/12/01/geely-new-1-4t-engine-awarded-china-heart/">"Geely New 1.4T Engine Awarded "China Heart""</a>. <i>global.geely.com</i> (Press release). Zhejiang Geely Holding Group. 1 December 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190607145254/http://global.geely.com/2017/12/01/geely-new-1-4t-engine-awarded-china-heart/">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-06-07.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTom_Murphy2015" class="citation web cs1">Tom Murphy (7 January 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wardsauto.com/2015/2015-winner-volvo-20l-turbocharged-dohc-4-cyl">"2015 Winner: Volvo 2.0L turbocharged DOHC 4-Cyl"</a>. <i>www.wardsauto.com</i>. Informa USA Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151205170315/http://wardsauto.com/2015/2015-winner-volvo-20l-turbocharged-dohc-4-cyl">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-12-05.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-pressreleasestuffforVEA-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pressreleasestuffforVEA_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pressreleasestuffforVEA_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pressreleasestuffforVEA_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFVolvo_Car_Corporation2014" class="citation pressrelease cs1">Volvo Car Corporation (23 January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/uk/en-gb/media/pressreleases/138421/volvo-cars-new-drive-e-powertrains-efficient-driving-pleasure-with-world-first-technologies9">"Volvo Cars' new Drive-E powertrains - efficient driving pleasure with world-first technologies"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i> (Press release). Volvo Car UK ltd. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160315114752/https://www.media.volvocars.com/uk/en-gb/media/pressreleases/138421/volvo-cars-new-drive-e-powertrains-efficient-driving-pleasure-with-world-first-technologies9">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-03-15.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-DOHC_BXT12-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DOHC_BXT12_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DOHC_BXT12_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DOHC_BXT12_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DOHC_BXT12_20-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFFredrik_HolstManne_Solbreck2014" class="citation thesis cs1">Fredrik Holst; Manne Solbreck (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publications.lib.chalmers.se/records/fulltext/209156/209156.pdf"><i>Numerical and Experimental Investigation of the Atkinson Cycle on a 2.0 liter 4-cylinder Turbocharged SI-engine</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>publications.lib.chalmers.se</i> (Master (Automotive Engineering)). Gothenburg, Sweden: Chalmers University of Technology. pp.&nbsp;13, 66. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180102182832/http://publications.lib.chalmers.se/records/fulltext/209156/209156.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2018-01-02.</cite> <span style="position:relative; top: -2px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="Open_access" title="open access publication – free to read"></a></span></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-densoPOLESTAR-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-densoPOLESTAR_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-densoPOLESTAR_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://denso-europe.com/volvo-denso-technical-collaboration/">"Volvo Denso technical collaboration"</a>. <i>www.denso-europe.com</i>. Denso Europe. 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160809102353/http://denso-europe.com/volvo-denso-technical-collaboration/">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-08-09.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-iart-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-iart_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFStuart_Birch2013" class="citation web cs1">Stuart Birch (26 August 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://articles.sae.org/12418/">"Volvo debuts new i-ART diesel technology at 2013 IAA"</a>. <i>www.sae.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140810131417/http://articles.sae.org/12418/">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-08-10.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-13pressreleaseVEASPA-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-13pressreleaseVEASPA_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-13pressreleaseVEASPA_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/39887">"Volvo Car Corporation's technological future: New vehicle architecture and focus on four-cylinder engines"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i> (Press release). Volvo Car Corporation. 13 September 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170312054853/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/39887">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-03-12.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-emissions-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-emissions_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-emissions_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-emissions_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMats_LaurellJohan_SjörsBjörn_WernlundRolf_Brück2013" class="citation web cs1">Mats Laurell; Johan Sjörs; Björn Wernlund; Rolf Brück (November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mk-metallfolien.de/fileadmin/user_upload/diesel_and_gasoline_cakalyst_achitecture.pdf">"Diesel and gasoline catalyst architecture"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.mk-metallfolien.de</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160315134311/http://www.mk-metallfolien.de/fileadmin/user_upload/diesel_and_gasoline_cakalyst_achitecture.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2016-03-15.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHåkan_PerssonAristotelis_BabajimopoulosArjan_HelmantelFredrik_Holst2017" class="citation techreport cs1">Håkan Persson; Aristotelis Babajimopoulos; Arjan Helmantel; Fredrik Holst; Elin Stenmark (28 March 2017). <i>Development of the Combustion System for Volvo Cars Euro6d VEA Diesel Engine</i> (Technical report). SAE International. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4271%2F2017-01-0713">10.4271/2017-01-0713</a>. 2017-01-0713.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMats_LaurellJohan_SjörsStaffan_OvessonMats_Lundgren2013" class="citation web cs1">Mats Laurell; Johan Sjörs; Staffan Ovesson; Mats Lundgren; Rolf Brück; Manuel Presti (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.emitec.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Bibliothek/Vortraege/2013/131010_Compact_cat_Aachen.pdf">"The innovative exhaust gas aftertreatment system for the new Volvo 4 Cylinder Engines; a unit catalyst system for gasoline and diesel cars"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.emitec.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140917231503/http://www.emitec.com/fileadmin/user_upload/Bibliothek/Vortraege/2013/131010_Compact_cat_Aachen.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2014-09-17.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFCalifornia_Air_Resources_Board2017" class="citation web cs1">California Air Resources Board (5 September 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/onroad/cert/pcldtmdv/2018/volvo_pc_a0180211_2d0_s3-30_tz_phev.pdf">"CARB Executive Order: A-018-0211"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.arb.co.gov</i>. ARB. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">1–</span>4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171026180233/https://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/onroad/cert/pcldtmdv/2018/volvo_pc_a0180211_2d0_s3-30_tz_phev.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-10-26.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theicct.org/sites/default/files/publications/China_6_fuel_Policy_Update_20180410.pdf">"Early adoption of China VI vehicle fuel standards in Jing-Jin-Ji and surrounding areas"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. ICCT. April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190520173135/https://www.theicct.org/sites/default/files/publications/China_6_fuel_Policy_Update_20180410.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-05-20.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2015engineanalysisglobal-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2015engineanalysisglobal_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPavan_Potluri2015" class="citation web cs1">Pavan Potluri (17 June 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ihs.com/pdf/IHS-European-Engine-Outlook-Potential-of-the-Gasoline-Engine_227832110913052332.pdf">"European Engine Outlook – Potential of the Gasoline Engine"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.ihs.com</i>. IHS AUTOMOTIVE. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">19–</span>20. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171026175311/https://www.ihs.com/pdf/IHS-European-Engine-Outlook-Potential-of-the-Gasoline-Engine_227832110913052332.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-10-26.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMarc_Noordeloos2016" class="citation web cs1">Marc Noordeloos (16 September 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.automobilemag.com/news/volvo-performance-future/">"Volvo and its Performance Future"</a>. <i>www.automobilemag.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160920083806/http://www.automobilemag.com/news/volvo-performance-future/">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-09-20.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFFrank_Volk2016" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Frank Volk (20 June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.automobil-produktion.de/hersteller/wirtschaft/volvo-keine-neue-diesel-baureihe-120.html">"Volvo: Keine neue Diesel-Baureihe"</a> [Volvo: No new diesel engine family]. <i>www.automobil-produktion.de</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160622162637/https://www.automobil-produktion.de/hersteller/wirtschaft/volvo-keine-neue-diesel-baureihe-120.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-06-22.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IhwY8XycCQI"><i>Volvo Car Group starts production of a new engine family</i></a>. 13 May 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140610211253/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IhwY8XycCQI">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-06-10 – via YouTube.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.carscoops.com/2013/05/volvo-all-new-vea-four-cylinder-turbo.html">"Volvo's all-new VEA four-cylinder turbo engines enter production"</a>. <i>www.carscoops.com</i>. Carscoop. 13 May 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130606215546/http://www.carscoops.com/2013/05/volvo-all-new-vea-four-cylinder-turbo.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-06-06.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.formeld.com/media/de/redaktion/pdf/zertifikat/iso_9001_2015.pdf">"Zertifikat ISO 9001:2015"</a> [Certificate ISO 9001:2015] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.formeld.com</i> (in German). TÜV Rheinland. 15 August 2017. p.&nbsp;4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107012332/https://www.formeld.com/media/de/redaktion/pdf/zertifikat/iso_9001_2015.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-11-07.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.volvocars.com/zh-cn/about/our-company/brand-news/global-core">"全球芯中国造" 沃尔沃汽车张家口发动机工厂全线投产"</a> [Global Core made in China: Volvo engine plant in Zhangjiakou fully operational]. <i>www.volvocars.com</i> (in Chinese). Volvo Cars China. 26 April 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160618083912/http://www.volvocars.com/zh-cn/about/our-company/brand-news/global-core">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-06-18.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716071123/http://www.proton.com/en/press-release/2022/july/new-hi-tech-engine-assembly-line-in-tanjung-malim">"Proton Unveils New Hi-Tech Engine Assembly Line in Tanjung Malim"</a>. 5 July 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.proton.com/en/press-release/2022/july/new-hi-tech-engine-assembly-line-in-tanjung-malim">the original</a> on 2022-07-16.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tarr.uspto.gov/servlet/tarr?regser=serial&amp;entry=86113644">U.S. Trademark 86,113,644</a></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160820075211/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/download/173904">"Drive-E engines"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/download/173904">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2016-08-20.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFErik_Wedberg2013" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Erik Wedberg (16 August 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://teknikensvarld.se/volvo-presenterar-nya-motorer-drive-e-118055/">"Volvo presenterar nya motorer – Drive-E"</a> [Volvo presents new engines - Drive-E]. <i>www.teknikensvarld.se</i> (in Swedish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140705165701/http://teknikensvarld.se/volvo-presenterar-nya-motorer-drive-e-118055/">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-07-05.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://global.geely.com/intec/g-power/">"g-power"</a>. <i>global.geely.com</i> (in English and Chinese). Geely. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180211161844/http://global.geely.com/intec/g-power/">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-02-11.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-nyheter-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nyheter_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nyheter_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFEddie_Pröckl2013" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Eddie Pröckl (11 September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nyteknik.se/nyheter/fordon_motor/bilar/article3759843.ece">"Volvos ödesmotor"</a> [Volvo's destiny engine]. <i>www.nyteknik.se</i> (in Swedish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161209005214/https://www.nyteknik.se/fordon/volvos-odesmotor-6402539">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-12-09.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-swedespeed1-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-swedespeed1_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-swedespeed1_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFmedels2014" class="citation web cs1">medels (28 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forums.swedespeed.com/showthread.php?210144-VEA-Drive-E-engine-architecture">"VEA - Drive-E engine architecture"</a>. <i>www.forums.swedespeed.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160315101435/http://forums.swedespeed.com/showthread.php?210144-VEA-Drive-E-engine-architecture">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-03-15.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMihnea_Radu2013" class="citation web cs1">Mihnea Radu (13 May 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://autoevolution.com/volvo-starts-production-of-new-vea-engine-family-59314.html">"Volvo starts production of new VEA engine family"</a>. <i>www.autoevolution.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130612034226/https://www.autoevolution.com/news/volvo-starts-production-of-new-vea-engine-family-59314.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2013-06-12.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-miscinfo-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-miscinfo_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-miscinfo_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFVolvo_Presse2013" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Volvo Presse (2013-05-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.autoeder.de/traunstein/Volvo/aktuelles.php?navigation_id=212&amp;rubrik=aktuelles&amp;aktuelles_detail_id=519">"Volvo startet die Produktion der neuen, selbst entwickelten VEA-Motoren"</a> [Volvo starts production of the new, self developed VEA engines]. <i>www.autoeder.de</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160315142859/http://www.autoeder.de/traunstein/Volvo/aktuelles.php?navigation_id=212&amp;rubrik=aktuelles&amp;aktuelles_detail_id=519">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-03-15.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPär_Brandt2013" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pär Brandt (16 August 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mestmotor.se/automotorsport/artiklar/nyheter/20130816/volvos-nya-drive-e-motorer-starka-och-snala">"Volvos nya Drive-E motorer – starka och snåla"</a> [Volvo's new Drive-E engines - strong and economical]. <i>www.mestmotor.se</i> (in Swedish). Auto Motor Sport. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160823055719/http://www.mestmotor.se/automotorsport/artiklar/nyheter/20130816/volvos-nya-drive-e-motorer-starka-och-snala">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-08-23.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFGlenn_Brooks2014" class="citation web cs1">Glenn Brooks (9 May 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.just-auto.com/analysis/my2015-volvo-s60-d4-diesel_id145886.aspx">"Vehicle Analysis: MY2015 Volvo S60 D4 diesel"</a>. <i>www.just-auto.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140513223735/http://www.just-auto.com/analysis/my2015-volvo-s60-d4-diesel_id145886.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-05-13.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160818042810/https://www.aachener-kolloquium.de/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Liste-aller-Vortr%C3%A4ge.pdf">"Liste aller Vorträge"</a> [List of all talks] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.aachener-kolloquium.de</i>. October 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aachener-kolloquium.de/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Liste-aller-Vortr%C3%A4ge.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2016-08-18.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-gernewengines-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gernewengines_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gernewengines_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.welt.de/motor/news/article127598688/Test-Volvo-V60-D4.html">"Leicht nervöser Lifestyle-Laster: Test: Volvo V60 D4"</a> [Slightly nervous lifestyle-truck: Review: Volvo V60 D4]. <i>Die Welt</i> (in German). 4 May 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150512002203/http://www.welt.de/motor/news/article127598688/Test-Volvo-V60-D4.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-05-12.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRoy_OginkGöran_JosefssonAristotelis_Babajimopoulos2015" class="citation web cs1">Roy Ogink; Göran Josefsson; Aristotelis Babajimopoulos (2 July 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://depositonce.tu-berlin.de/bitstream/11303/4754/1/sens_baar_conference_on_engine_processes.pdf">"Drive-E Petrol Combustion System Design"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>depositonce.tu-berlin.de</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">76–</span>87. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170807191504/http://depositonce.tu-berlin.de/bitstream/11303/4754/1/sens_baar_conference_on_engine_processes.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-08-07.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/154731/volvo-cars-introduces-twin-engine-technology-in-worlds-most-powerful-and-cleanest-suv">"Volvo Cars introduces Twin Engine technology in world's most powerful and cleanest SUV"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i> (Press release). Volvo Car Corporation. 8 December 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171107060418/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/154731/volvo-cars-introduces-twin-engine-technology-in-worlds-most-powerful-and-cleanest-suv">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-11-07.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZpQu3uRy1jg">"Technologia Power Pulse w nowym Volvo S90"</a> [Power Pulse technology in the new Volvo S90]. <i>www.youtube.com</i> (in English and Polish). Volvo Car Poland. 2 December 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160812000122/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZpQu3uRy1jg">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-08-12 – via YouTube.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.borgwarner.com/en/news-media/press-releases/2016/08/19/borgwarner-s-turbocharging-technology-boosts-all-of-volvo-s-new-four-cylinder-gasoline-engines">"Borgwarner's turbocharging technology boosts all of Volvo's new four-cylinder gesoline engines"</a>. <i>www.borgwarner.com</i>. 24 March 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170702151405/https://www.borgwarner.com/en/news-media/press-releases/2016/08/19/borgwarner-s-turbocharging-technology-boosts-all-of-volvo-s-new-four-cylinder-gasoline-engines">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-02.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/154663/volvo-car-group-already-testing-its-new-three-cylinder-engine">"Volvo Car Group already testing its new three-cylinder engine"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i> (Press release). Volvo Car Corporation. 11 December 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150719161103/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/154663/volvo-car-group-already-testing-its-new-three-cylinder-engine">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-07-19.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFJoel_Miller2017" class="citation web cs1">Joel Miller (3 January 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newfieldpress.org/5941/feature/drive-e-the-future-of-volvo/">"Drive-E: The Future Of Volvo"</a>. <i>newfieldpress.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20170807191621/http://newfieldpress.org/5941/feature/drive-e-the-future-of-volvo/">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-08-07.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-XC40_NL_MY19-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-XC40_NL_MY19_56-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-XC40_NL_MY19_56-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFVolvo_Car_Corporation2017" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Volvo Car Corporation (October 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/8fa2126a-20180423-De_nieuwe_Volvo_XC40.pdf">"Volvo XC40 - Prisjlijst Modeljaar 2019"</a> [Volvo XC40 price list model year 2019] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com</i> (in Dutch). Volvo Cars NL. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">14–</span>15. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20171016152517/https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/8fa2126a-20180423-De_nieuwe_Volvo_XC40.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-10-16. <q>File Date: 23 April 2018</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFStefan_Grundhoff2017" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Stefan Grundhoff (20 March 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.focus.de/auto/ratgeber/unterwegs/partikelfilter-fuer-benzinmotoren-neue-abgasnorm-euro-6c-ab-herbst-2017_id_6807404.html">"Neue Abgasnorm Euro 6c ab Herbst 2017: Größere Luftverpester als gedacht: Jetzt bekommen auch Benziner einen Partikelfilter"</a> [New emissions level Euro 6C beginning in autumn 2017: Bigger air polluters than expected: Now petrol engines get a particle filter as well]. <i>www.focus.de</i> (in German). Focus. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171014044426/http://www.focus.de/auto/ratgeber/unterwegs/partikelfilter-fuer-benzinmotoren-neue-abgasnorm-euro-6c-ab-herbst-2017_id_6807404.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-10-14.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHerr_Huth2017" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Herr Huth (31 August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.motor-talk.de/forum/ausruestung-mit-partikelfilter-fuer-alle-volvo-benziner-ab-ende-2017-hier-offizielle-antwort-volvo-t6129880.html">"Ausrüstung mit Partikelfilter für alle Volvo Benziner ab Ende 2017; hier: offizielle Antwort Volvo"</a> [Equipping all Volvo petrol engines with a particle filter at the end of 2017; here: Official Volvo answer]. <i>www.motor-talk.de</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171014035153/https://www.motor-talk.de/forum/ausruestung-mit-partikelfilter-fuer-alle-volvo-benziner-ab-ende-2017-hier-offizielle-antwort-volvo-t6129880.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-10-14.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.auto-nova.de/download/?fleetfolder_201805.pdf">"Die schwedische Business-Class. Leistungen für Ihren Fuhrpark"</a> [The Swedish business class. Options for your company fleet] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.auto-nova.de</i> (fleet brochure) (in German). Volvo Car Germany Gmbh. April 2018. p.&nbsp;3. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190228163216/https://www.auto-nova.de/download/?fleetfolder_201805.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-02-28. <q>Mit dem Modelljahr 2019 (Produktion ab Mai 2018) werden bei Volvo sämtliche Motoren modellübergreifend auf die neue Abgasnorm Euro 6d-TEMP umgestellt. [With model year 2019 (production starts from May 2018) Volvo has switched all engines across the entire model range to the new emissions standard Euro 6d-TEMP]</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFEric_Lansing2017" class="citation web cs1">Eric Lansing (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1136403/FULLTEXT01.pdf">"Verification of Polymeric Material Change in the Air Intake System"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.diva-portal.org</i>. Stockholm, Sweden. p.&nbsp;82.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/248975/volvo-cars-takes-major-step-towards-its-electrified-future-with-a-range-of-new-hybrid-powertrains">"Volvo Cars takes major step towards its electrified future with a range of new hybrid powertrains"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i> (Press release). Volvo Car Corporation. 22 February 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190316170945/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/248975/volvo-cars-takes-major-step-towards-its-electrified-future-with-a-range-of-new-hybrid-powertrains">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-03-16.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFArvin_AghaaliShreyas_Kogalur_(FEV)2018" class="citation web cs1">Arvin Aghaali; Shreyas Kogalur (FEV) (8 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gtisoft.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Engine-Integration-with-48V-P2-Hybrid-Vehicle-for-Fuel-Economy-Volvo-Car-Group.pdf">"Engine Integration with 48V P2 Hybrid Vehicle for Fuel Economy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.gtisoft.com</i>. GT Conference 2018. Frankfurt am Main, Germany: GTISOFT. pp.&nbsp;2, 5, <span class="nowrap">15–</span>16. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190316170914/https://www.gtisoft.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Engine-Integration-with-48V-P2-Hybrid-Vehicle-for-Fuel-Economy-Volvo-Car-Group.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-03-16.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFUlf_Stenzel2014" class="citation web cs1">Ulf Stenzel (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gansystems.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/AVL_UK_Expo_48V_Mild_Hybrid_Systems.pdf">"48V Mild Hybrid Systems – Market Needs and Technical Solutions"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>gansystems.com</i>. AVL Engineering and Technology. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">12–</span>15, <span class="nowrap">24–</span>26. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190316170633/https://gansystems.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/AVL_UK_Expo_48V_Mild_Hybrid_Systems.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-03-16.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFAaron_IsenstadtJohn_GermanMihai_DorobantuDavid_Boggs2016" class="citation journal cs1">Aaron Isenstadt; John German; Mihai Dorobantu; David Boggs; Tom Watson (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theicct.org/sites/default/files/publications/Downsized-boosted-gasoline-engines_working-paper_ICCT_27102016.pdf">"Downsized, boosted gasoline engines"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.theicct.org</i> (Working paper). Acknowledgements: Pierre-Jean Cançalon, Sean Osborne, Stefan Münz, Dr. Hermann Breitbach, Erika Nielsen, Dave Lancaste. International Council on Clean Transportation (THEICCT): 13. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190316170625/https://www.theicct.org/sites/default/files/publications/Downsized-boosted-gasoline-engines_working-paper_ICCT_27102016.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-03-16.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFAndreas_HägglundMoa_Källgren2018" class="citation thesis cs1">Andreas Hägglund; Moa Källgren (June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1222290/FULLTEXT01.pdf"><i>Impact of Engine Dynamics on Optimal Energy Management Strategies for Hybrid Electric Vehicles</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Master (Electrical Engineering)). Linköping, Sweden: Linköping University. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190316170617/http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1222290/FULLTEXT01.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-03-16.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-P_type_hybrid-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-P_type_hybrid_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdn.borgwarner.com/docs/default-source/investors/investor-presentation.pdf?sfvrsn=8748cb3c_76">"Company Presentation"</a> [Not real title] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>cdn.borgwarner.com</i> (Investor Presentation). BorgWarner Inc. January 2019. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">15–</span>16, 26. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190316170607/https://cdn.borgwarner.com/docs/default-source/investors/investor-presentation.pdf?sfvrsn=8748cb3c_76">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-03-16.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-NHTSA_Volvo_MY15_VIN-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NHTSA_Volvo_MY15_VIN_68-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NHTSA_Volvo_MY15_VIN_68-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NHTSA_Volvo_MY15_VIN_68-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NHTSA_Volvo_MY15_VIN_68-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170504181406/ftp://ftp.nhtsa.dot.gov/MfrMail/ORG9878.pdf">"Updated: Volvo MY 2015 VIN decoder - USA/Canada"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>nhtsa.dot.gov</i>. Volvo Cars of North America. 20 May 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ftp.nhtsa.dot.gov/MfrMail/ORG9878.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2017-05-04.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-gunshowfromswedeforums-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gunshowfromswedeforums_69-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFgunshow2017" class="citation web cs1">gunshow (July 2017). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://i7.photobucket.com/albums/y273/240witsr/IMG_6851_zpspo70kqnr.jpg">""HR" to "HLR" spark plugs for B4204 TX"</a></span> <span class="cs1-format">(JPG)</span>. <i>www.photobucket.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170713180909/http://i7.photobucket.com/albums/y273/240witsr/IMG_6851_zpspo70kqnr.jpg">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-13.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFRivista_Automobilismo2016" class="citation audio-visual cs1">Rivista Automobilismo (2016-05-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9uFT_ilKMcA"><i>All new 2017 Volvo Drive-E 3 cylinder petrol engine Technology Animation</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-08</span></span> – via YouTube.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-TX5_specs-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TX5_specs_71-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nd-mediagallery2-public-production.s3.amazonaws.com/0ede61fb88d3f38654cf2871f1ed2e81/tx_price_specification_261017.pdf">"TX Price and Specification (Issue 1)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.levc.com</i>. LEVC. October 2017. p.&nbsp;11. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171205180849/https://nd-mediagallery2-public-production.s3.amazonaws.com/0ede61fb88d3f38654cf2871f1ed2e81/tx_price_specification_261017.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-12-05. <q>link and archive will download</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MsEHdTgXIzU">"The new metrocab Levc Electric black cab Tx taxi review road test"</a>. <i>www.youtube.com</i>. Crimitri Productions. 8 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-10-09</span></span> – via YouTube.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPerico0012018" class="citation web cs1">Perico001 (8 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/93207294@N04/28869089748/">"LEVC TX e-City London Taxi"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(JPG)</span>. <i>www-flickr.com</i>. Peter Bovyn fotografie. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190621205054/https://www.flickr.com/photos/93207294@N04/28869089748/">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-06-21.</cite><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{cite web}}</code>: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)</span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-XC40MY19_NL-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-XC40MY19_NL_74-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-XC40MY19_NL_74-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171223183507/https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/59c9db28-20180423-De_nieuwe_Volvo_XC40.pdf">"Volvo XC40 Prijslijst Modeljaar 2019"</a> [Volvo XC40 price list model year 2019] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com</i> (in Dutch). Volvo Car BV Netherlands. 23 April 2018. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">14–</span>15. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/59c9db28-20180423-De_nieuwe_Volvo_XC40.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2017-12-23.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-20CHXC40_1sted-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-20CHXC40_1sted_75-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-20CHXC40_1sted_75-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://downloads.promotions-volvocars.ch/pricelist/Volvo_XC40.pdf">"Volvo XC40 MY2020"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>downloads.promotions-volvocars.ch</i> (Brochure &amp; price list) (in German, French, and Italian). Volvo Car Switzerland. 1 December 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190316164612/https://downloads.promotions-volvocars.ch/pricelist/Volvo_XC40.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-03-16.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMuddassar_Zahid_Piracha2017" class="citation techreport cs1">Muddassar Zahid Piracha (December 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://publications.lib.chalmers.se/records/fulltext/254760/local_254760.pdf"><i>Improving gear shift quality in a PHEV DCT with integrated PMSM</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>publications.lib.chalmers.se</i> (Technical report). Dr. Anders Grauers, Johan Hellsing. Berlin, Germany: CEVT AB. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">1–</span>4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190621204111/http://publications.lib.chalmers.se/records/fulltext/254760/local_254760.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-06-21.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.volvocars.com/intl/cars/new-models/xc40/specifications/engines">"Volvo XC40 specifications - engine (MY20)"</a>. <i>www.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190316171025/https://www.volvocars.com/intl/cars/new-models/xc40/specifications/engines">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-03-16.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFTan2020" class="citation web cs1">Tan, Danny (24 September 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paultan.org/2020/09/24/proton-x50-geely-releases-official-info-on-new-1-5t-pfi-port-injection-3-cyl-turbo-engine-for-the-first-time/">"Proton X50 – Geely releases official info on new 1.5T PFI port injection 3-cyl turbo engine for the first time"</a>. <i>Paultan.org</i>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLim2020" class="citation web cs1">Lim, Anthony (30 September 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://paultan.org/2020/09/30/proton-x50-1-5t-pfi-port-injection-three-cylinder-turbo-unit-will-be-used-on-future-proton-models/">"Proton X50 – 1.5T PFI port-injection three-cylinder turbo engine will be used on future Proton models"</a>. <i>Paultan.org</i>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWong2020" class="citation web cs1">Wong, Alexander (30 September 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://soyacincau.com/2020/09/30/proton-x50-3-cylinder-1-5-litre-engine-details-specs/">"Proton X50: 3-cylinder 1.5L T and TGDi engine specs revealed, 0-100km/h under 8 seconds"</a>. <i>SoyaCincau.com</i>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://product.auto.163.com/picture/photoview/L5DS0008/200317/DS2J7KMTL5DS0008NOS.html">"领克01 PHEV door jamb sticker"</a> [Lynk &amp; Co 01 PHEV door jamb sticker] <span class="cs1-format">(JPG)</span>. <i>product.auto.163.com</i> (in Chinese and English). 19 September 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190115181211/http://product.auto.163.com/picture/photoview/L5DS0008/200317/DS2J7KMTL5DS0008NOS.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-01-15.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-MY19_V40_V40CC-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MY19_V40_V40CC_82-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MY19_V40_V40CC_82-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.volvocars.com/nl-be/~/media/belgium/documents/pricelists/20180926/Prijslijst_V40-V40CC_MY19_v3_BE-NL_190918">"Volvo V40 Editions &amp; V40 Cross Country Editions"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>assets.volvocars.com</i> (Sales Brochure) (in Dutch). Volvo Car Gent NV. 19 September 2018. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">16–</span>19. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190127134143/https://assets.volvocars.com/nl-be/~/media/belgium/documents/pricelists/20180926/Prijslijst_V40-V40CC_MY19_v3_BE-NL_190918">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-01-27. <q>Archive will download file</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18S60L_T3_sticker-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-18S60L_T3_sticker_83-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-18S60L_T3_sticker_83-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://car.autohome.com.cn/photo/series/32918/12/4141951.html">"2018 Volvo S60L T3 door jamb sticker"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(JPG)</span>. <i>car.autohome.com.cn</i> (in English and Chinese). Autohome. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180102201508/https://car.autohome.com.cn/photo/series/32918/12/4141951.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-01-02. <q>VIN blacked out</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-MY17techspecsV40-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MY17techspecsV40_84-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MY17techspecsV40_84-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170318083335/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/download/179637">"Volvo V40 model year 2017 technical specifications"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. September 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/download/179637">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2017-03-18.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-MY17techspecsS60-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MY17techspecsS60_85-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MY17techspecsS60_85-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170318172848/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/download/180507">"Volvo S60 model year 2017 technical specifications"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. September 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/download/180507">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2017-03-18.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-MY18S60LCN-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MY18S60LCN_86-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MY18S60LCN_86-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MY18S60LCN_86-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com/cn/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=l421&amp;my=2018&amp;sw=17w17&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc&amp;article=c48f21dbf78fa679c0a801e800b1d372">"发动机规格"</a> [Engine specifications]. <i>support.volvocars.com</i> (in Chinese). Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170708165514/http://support.volvocars.com/cn/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=l421&amp;my=2018&amp;sw=17w17&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc&amp;article=c48f21dbf78fa679c0a801e800b1d372">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-08.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-MY17techspecsV60-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MY17techspecsV60_87-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MY17techspecsV60_87-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170318172712/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/download/180508">"Volvo V60 model year 2017 technical specifications"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. September 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/download/180508">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2017-03-18.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-UKV60MY16page425-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-UKV60MY16page425_88-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-UKV60MY16page425_88-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/5d4e33a67871d7ef1cb73026a740d38dd8c28648/V60_OwnersManual_MY16_en-GB_TP20218.pdf">"2016 Volvo V60 owner's Manual"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>az685612.vo.msecnd.net</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2015. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">425–</span>428. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170319023710/http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/5d4e33a67871d7ef1cb73026a740d38dd8c28648/V60_OwnersManual_MY16_en-GB_TP20218.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-03-19.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2016XC90engines-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2016XC90engines_89-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2016XC90engines_89-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2016XC90engines_89-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150906135629/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/models/all-new-xc90/2016/specifications">"XC90 - Specifications"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/models/all-new-xc90/2016/specifications">the original</a> on 2015-09-06.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://car.autohome.com.cn/photo/38760/12/4879815.html#pvareaid=2042264">"星越 2019款 350T 暗夜骑士限量版 door jamb sticker"</a> [2019 Geely Xingyue 350T Limited Edition door jamb sticker] <span class="cs1-format">(jpg)</span>. <i>car.autohome.com.cn</i> (in Chinese and English). 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190607143808/https://car.autohome.com.cn/photo/38760/12/4879815.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-06-07. <q>MR6463D06</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://global.geely.com/media-center/news/geely-auto-new-flagship-cma-based-coupe-suv-launched/">"Geely Auto New Flagship CMA-based Coupe SUV Launched"</a>. <i>global.geely.com</i> (Press release). Geely Auto. 10 May 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190607151128/http://global.geely.com/media-center/news/geely-auto-new-flagship-cma-based-coupe-suv-launched/">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-06-07.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://carnewschina.com/2021/08/05/lynk-co-05-packs-a-265-hp-2-0-turbo-and-lots-of-extra-bodywork/">"Lynk &amp; Co 05+ Packs A 265 HP 2.0 Turbo And Lots Of Extra Bodywork"</a>. 5 August 2021.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-B4204T9-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-B4204T9_93-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160603123821/http://www.volvocars.com/military/cars/new-models/xc60/specifications?variantId=634ff0ed-ae1d-4527-ba2f-2cc67d06381a">"XC60 - Specifications"</a>. <i>www.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.volvocars.com/military/cars/new-models/xc60/specifications?variantId=634ff0ed-ae1d-4527-ba2f-2cc67d06381a">the original</a> on 2016-06-03.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-USXC60_16_page376-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USXC60_16_page376_94-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USXC60_16_page376_94-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esd.volvocars.com/local/us/2016-Volvo-XC60-Owners-Manual-v1.pdf">"2016 Volvo XC60 owner's Manual"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>esd.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2016. p.&nbsp;376. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160813120451/http://esd.volvocars.com/local/us/2016-Volvo-XC60-Owners-Manual-v1.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2016-08-13.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-MY18DEV60engines-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MY18DEV60engines_95-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y352&amp;my=2018&amp;sw=17w17&amp;article=c48f21dbf78fa679c0a801e800b1d372&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">"Technische Daten Motor"</a> [Technical specifications engine]. <i>support.volvocars.com</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170803180115/http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y352&amp;my=2018&amp;sw=17w17&amp;article=c48f21dbf78fa679c0a801e800b1d372&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-08-03.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-MY18NLS60pricelist-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MY18NLS60pricelist_96-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/eeb42964-20170424-Volvo_S60.pdf">"Volvo S60 Polar - Prijslijst Modeljaar 2018"</a> [Volvo S60 Polar - price list model year 2018] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com</i> (in Dutch). Volvo Car BV Netherlands. 24 April 2017. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">14–</span>15. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171017165701/https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/eeb42964-20170424-Volvo_S60.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-10-17. <q>Volvo uses the 'Polar' suffix when a car is entering its final year of manufacture</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-VTI_VEA-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-VTI_VEA_97-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VTI_VEA_97-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VTI_VEA_97-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VTI_VEA_97-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-VTI_VEA_97-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/tsbs/2017/MC-10146443-9999.pdf">"Low oil in DIM"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 2017.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFEric_Goh2014" class="citation web cs1">Eric Goh (17 November 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.autofreaks.com/reviews/test-drive-review-volvo-xc60-t6/">"Test Drive Review: Volvo XC60 T6"</a>. <i>www.autofreaks.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141204081831/http://www.autofreaks.com/reviews/test-drive-review-volvo-xc60-t6/">Archived</a> from the original on 2014-12-04.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFAntuan_Goodwin2014" class="citation web cs1">Antuan Goodwin (16 May 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/auto/2015-volvo-s60/review/">"2015 Volvo S60 T6 Drive-E review: Supercharge? Turbocharge? Volvo does both"</a>. <i>www.cnet.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171024161854/https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/auto/2015-volvo-s60/review/">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-10-24.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com:80/en-CA/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y413&amp;my=2015&amp;sw=14w46&amp;article=46bdab9ee97ae852c0a801e800ea6f2b">"2015 XC60 - Refueling – octane rating"</a>. <i>support.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160603235007/http://support.volvocars.com/en-CA/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y413&amp;my=2015&amp;sw=14w46&amp;article=46bdab9ee97ae852c0a801e800ea6f2b">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-06-03.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-NHTSAdoc1-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NHTSAdoc1_101-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NHTSAdoc1_101-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160530200942/https://vpic.nhtsa.dot.gov/mid/home/displayfile/29630">"Volvo MY 2016 VIN decoder - USA/Canada"</a>. <i>www.nhtsa.dot.gov</i>. Volvo Cars of North America. 25 September 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vpic.nhtsa.dot.gov/mid/home/displayfile/29630">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2016-05-30.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2016V70en_global-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2016V70en_global_102-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2016V70en_global_102-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160823011417/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/models/v70/2016/specifications">"Models - 2016 V70 - Technical Data"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/models/v70/2016/specifications">the original</a> on 2016-08-23.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EE-04qMO-L4"><i>Dead at Just 100K! 2015 Volvo XC60 T5 2.0L Engine Bites The Dust</i></a>, 9 March 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-03-20</span></span></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170226131209/https://vpic.nhtsa.dot.gov/mid/home/displayfile/32205">"Updated: Volvo MY 2016 VIN decoder - USA/Canada"</a>. <i>www.nhtsa.dot.gov</i>. Volvo Cars of North America. 28 April 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vpic.nhtsa.dot.gov/mid/home/displayfile/32205">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2017-02-26.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-DEV40MY15engines-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DEV40MY15engines_105-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DEV40MY15engines_105-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y555&amp;my=2015&amp;sw=14w20&amp;article=eac0ec7dc54cae0ac0a801e8009f70e4&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">"Technische Daten Motor"</a> [Technical specifications engine]. <i>support.volvocars.com</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160810120919/http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y555&amp;my=2015&amp;sw=14w20&amp;article=eac0ec7dc54cae0ac0a801e8009f70e4&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-08-10.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-DEmanualV40CCMY15page424-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DEmanualV40CCMY15page424_106-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/25184c551567275469c494ed26a2a31a9ed328fb/V40XC_owners_manual_MY15_de-DE_tp18382.pdf">"2015 Volvo V40 Cross Country Betriebsanleitung"</a> [2015 Volvo V40 Cross Country owner's manual] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>msecnd.net</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2014. p.&nbsp;422. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160624040630/http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/25184c551567275469c494ed26a2a31a9ed328fb/V40XC_owners_manual_MY15_de-DE_tp18382.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2016-06-24.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://volvornt.harte-hanks.com/manuals/2018/S60L_OwnersManual_MY18_en-US_TP23394.pdf">"S60 Inscription - Owners manual"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>volvornt.harte-hanks.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170704151623/http://volvornt.harte-hanks.com/manuals/2018/S60L_OwnersManual_MY18_en-US_TP23394.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-07-04.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160404133735/http://www.westport.com/products/automotive/westport-sweden/volvo-v60%2Bv70-bi-fuel-en/westport-volvo-v60%2Bv70-bi-fuel-cars-en.pdf">"New Volvo V60 and V70 Bi-Fuel"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.westport.com</i>. 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.westport.com/products/automotive/westport-sweden/volvo-v60+v70-bi-fuel-en/westport-volvo-v60+v70-bi-fuel-cars-en.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2016-04-04.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-V60CC_engine_18_de-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-V60CC_engine_18_de_109-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-V60CC_engine_18_de_109-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-V60CC_engine_18_de_109-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=v423&amp;my=2018&amp;sw=17w17&amp;article=c48f21dbf78fa679c0a801e800b1d372&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">"Technische Daten Motor"</a> [Technical specifications engine]. <i>support.volvocars.com/de</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170910000101/http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=v423&amp;my=2018&amp;sw=17w17&amp;article=c48f21dbf78fa679c0a801e800b1d372&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-09-10.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://volvornt.harte-hanks.com/manuals/2018/V60CC_OwnersManual_MY18_en-US_TP23464.pdf">"2018 V60 Cross Country - owner's manual"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>volvornt.harte-hanks.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. p.&nbsp;382. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709132016/http://volvornt.harte-hanks.com/manuals/2018/V60CC_OwnersManual_MY18_en-US_TP23464.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-07-09.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/download/179386">"Volvo XC60 model year 2017 technical specifications"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. September 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170320143627/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/download/179386">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-03-20.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/models/s80/2016/specifications">"Volvo S80 - model year 2016"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160823011814/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/models/s80/2016/specifications">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-08-23.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-ATS80MY16_pricelist-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ATS80MY16_pricelist_113-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ATS80MY16_pricelist_113-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://downloads.volvocars-aktionen.at/pricelist/Volvo_S80.pdf">"Volvo S80 Preisliste"</a> [Volvo S80 price list] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>downloads.volvocars-aktionen.at</i> (in Austrian German). Volvo Car Austria Gmbh. 1 April 2015. p.&nbsp;22. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171024155456/http://downloads.volvocars-aktionen.at/pricelist/Volvo_S80.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-10-24.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/161464/volvo-v70-model-year-2016">"Volvo V70 - model year 2016"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 28 April 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160427030812/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/161464/volvo-v70-model-year-2016">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-04-27.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-DEV70MY16pricelist-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DEV70MY16pricelist_115-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DEV70MY16pricelist_115-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DEV70MY16pricelist_115-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DEV70MY16pricelist_115-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.motor-talk.de/forum/aktion/Attachment.html?attachmentId=746669">"Preisliste - Volvo V70"</a> [Price list - Volvo V70] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.motor-talk.de</i> (in German). Volvo Car Germany Gmbh. 8 October 2015. p.&nbsp;26. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171024154954/https://www.motor-talk.de/forum/aktion/Attachment.html?attachmentId=746669">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-10-24.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com:80/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=Y285&amp;my=2016&amp;sw=15w17&amp;article=c48f21dbf78fa679c0a801e800b1d372&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">"Technische Daten Motor"</a> [Technical specifications engine]. <i>support.volvocars.com</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170713151813/http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=Y285&amp;my=2016&amp;sw=15w17&amp;article=c48f21dbf78fa679c0a801e800b1d372&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-13.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2016_XC70_specs-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2016_XC70_specs_117-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2016_XC70_specs_117-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2016_XC70_specs_117-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160822235032/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/models/xc70/2016/specifications">"Volvo XC70 - model year 2016"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/models/xc70/2016/specifications">the original</a> on 2016-08-22.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLars_GregerMartin_BergqvistIngemar_GottbergGöran_Wirmark1998" class="citation journal cs1">Lars Greger; Martin Bergqvist; Ingemar Gottberg; Göran Wirmark; Ronald Heck; Jeff Hoke; Dennis Anderson; Wayne Rudy; John Adomaitis (19 October 1998). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://papers.sae.org/982728/">"PremAir Catalyst System"</a></span>. <i>sae.org</i>. SAE Technical Paper Series. <b>1</b>. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4271%2F982728">10.4271/982728</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160806114058/http://papers.sae.org/982728/">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-08-06 – via papers.sae.org.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Couretas1998" class="citation web cs1">John Couretas (22 June 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://europe.autonews.com/article/19980622/ANE/806220837/volvo-installs-smog-eating-radiator">"Volvo installs smog-eating radiator"</a>. <i>europe.autonews.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20170807165338/http://europe.autonews.com/article/19980622/ANE/806220837/volvo-installs-smog-eating-radiator">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-08-07.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miller-cole.com/Chemical-Companies.html">"Chemical/Plastics Companies"</a>. <i>www.miller-cole.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160826131650/http://www.miller-cole.com/Chemical-Companies.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-08-26.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-USS60_page370-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-USS60_page370_121-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://volvornt.harte-hanks.com/manuals/2016/2016-Volvo-S60-Owners-Manual-v1.pdf">"2016 Volvo S60 owner's manual"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>volvornt.harte-hanks.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2015. p.&nbsp;370. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160813045036/http://volvornt.harte-hanks.com/manuals/2016/2016-Volvo-S60-Owners-Manual-v1.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2016-08-13.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com:80/en-CA/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y413&amp;my=2015&amp;sw=14w46&amp;article=c9985b0db98fd440c0a801e801f83b64&amp;category=e0858f0daab0193ac0a801e801aa008d">"Engine specifications"</a>. <i>support.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160813105346/http://support.volvocars.com/en-CA/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y413&amp;my=2015&amp;sw=14w46&amp;article=c9985b0db98fd440c0a801e801f83b64&amp;category=e0858f0daab0193ac0a801e801aa008d">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-08-13.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-DE_XC40_list1-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DE_XC40_list1_123-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DE_XC40_list1_123-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://assets.volvocars.com/de/~/media/germany/downloads/preislisten/Dez-2017/Preisliste_Volvo_XC40_MY18-w46_Aufl-2.pdf">"Preisliste Volvo XC40 MY18"</a></span> [Price list Volvo XC40 MY18] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in German). Volvo Car Germany GmBH. 21 September 2017. p.&nbsp;49. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180203151656/http://assets.volvocars.com/de/~/media/germany/downloads/preislisten/Dez-2017/Preisliste_Volvo_XC40_MY18-w46_Aufl-2.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2018-02-03. <q>Will prompt to download</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2013VidaRealeaseD-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2013VidaRealeaseD_124-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160610151710/http://workshopsupportguide.volvocars.biz/media/16627/vida-release-news-2013d_41en35_ir.pdf">"Vida Release News 2013D"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>workshopsupportguide.volvocars.biz</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://workshopsupportguide.volvocars.biz/media/16627/vida-release-news-2013d_41en35_ir.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2016-06-10.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/8f0c2d18aecec6064e3fd8b3fb3773e175329b6d/S60_OwnersManual_MY17_zh-CN_TP20942.pdf">"S60 owners manual MY17"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>az685612.vo.msecnd.net</i> (in Chinese). Volvo Car Corporation. 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170226130930/http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/8f0c2d18aecec6064e3fd8b3fb3773e175329b6d/S60_OwnersManual_MY17_zh-CN_TP20942.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-02-26.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-DE_V40CC_MY18_BA-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DE_V40CC_MY18_BA_126-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DE_V40CC_MY18_BA_126-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/f345eb21b08fae1c76a59fc717d91d3dfc96d26a/V40XC_OwnersManual_MY18_de-DE_TP23319.pdf">"Volvo V40 Cross Crountry Betriebsanleitung MY18"</a> [Volvo V40 Cross Country owner's manual MY18] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>az685612.vo.msecnd.net</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">407–</span>409. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171106193916/http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/f345eb21b08fae1c76a59fc717d91d3dfc96d26a/V40XC_OwnersManual_MY18_de-DE_TP23319.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-11-06.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com:80/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y283&amp;my=2016&amp;sw=15w17&amp;article=c48f21dbf78fa679c0a801e800b1d372&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">"Technische Daten Motor"</a> [Technical specifications engine]. <i>support.volvocars.com</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709132016/http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y283&amp;my=2016&amp;sw=15w17&amp;article=c48f21dbf78fa679c0a801e800b1d372&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-09.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com:80/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=Y352&amp;my=2017&amp;sw=16w17&amp;article=c48f21dbf78fa679c0a801e800b1d372">"Technische Daten Motor"</a> [Technical specifications engine]. <i>support.volvocars.com</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161224030645/http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=Y352&amp;my=2017&amp;sw=16w17&amp;article=c48f21dbf78fa679c0a801e800b1d372">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-12-24.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.volvocars.com/en-eg/support/manuals/s80/2014w20/specifications/engine/engine-specifications">"Engine specifications"</a>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-DE_XC40_MY18_handbuch-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DE_XC40_MY18_handbuch_130-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DE_XC40_MY18_handbuch_130-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DE_XC40_MY18_handbuch_130-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DE_XC40_MY18_handbuch_130-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/6af1e772dea77d3622d1ab5a2afd82194d830e92/XC40_OwnersManual_MY18_de-DE_TP24563.pdf">"Volvo XC40 Betriebsanleitung MY18"</a> [Volvo XC40 owner's manual MY18] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>az685612.vo.msecnd.net</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. November 2017. p.&nbsp;652. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180203152540/http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/6af1e772dea77d3622d1ab5a2afd82194d830e92/XC40_OwnersManual_MY18_de-DE_TP24563.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2018-02-03. <q>KW46/17</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18S60L_T4_sticker-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-18S60L_T4_sticker_131-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-18S60L_T4_sticker_131-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://photo.bitauto.com/picture/3768/5649320/">"2018 Volvo S60L T4 door jamb sticker"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(JPG)</span>. <i>photo.bitauto.com</i> (in English and Chinese). BitAuto. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180102195347/http://photo.bitauto.com/picture/3768/5649320/">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-01-02. <q>VIN LYVFD41A9JB167152</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18S60L_T4_sticker_2-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18S60L_T4_sticker_2_132-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://photo.bitauto.com/picture/3768/5610813/">"2018 Volvo S60L T4 door jamb sticker (2)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(JPG)</span>. <i>photo.bitauto.com</i> (in English and Chinese). BitAuto. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180102201019/http://photo.bitauto.com/picture/3768/5610813/">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-01-02. <q>VIN LYVFD41A5JB164930</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-DEV60MY2017page454-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DEV60MY2017page454_133-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DEV60MY2017page454_133-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DEV60MY2017page454_133-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/6d0cd9deb187a4aaf741d2a57a4a5856ce8f67c6/V60_OwnersManual_MY17_de-DE_TP22181.pdf">"2017 Volvo V60 - Betriebsanleitung"</a> [2017 Volvo V60 - owner's manual] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>az685612.vo.msecnd.net</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2016. p.&nbsp;454. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161224030413/http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/6d0cd9deb187a4aaf741d2a57a4a5856ce8f67c6/V60_OwnersManual_MY17_de-DE_TP22181.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2016-12-24.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18DEXC60manualpage626-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18DEXC60manualpage626_134-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/3568849982a997a5d0e89f7381d391a2b2d7f0e5/XC60_OwnersManual_MY18_de-DE_TP23039.pdf">"XC60 Betriebsanleitung (Modelljahr 2018)"</a> [XC60 owner's manual (model year 2018)] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>vo.msecnd.net</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. p.&nbsp;626. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170704153432/http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/3568849982a997a5d0e89f7381d391a2b2d7f0e5/XC60_OwnersManual_MY18_de-DE_TP23039.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-07-04.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/fb869c78e10057997ea8e4af4352d7b4f3eca46a/S90_OwnersManual_MY17_de-DE_TP21111.pdf">"Volvo S90 Betriebsanleitung MY17 - Technische Daten Motor"</a> [Volvo S90 owner's manual MY17 - technical specifications engine] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>az685612.vo.msecnd.net</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2016. p.&nbsp;589. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709132016/http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/fb869c78e10057997ea8e4af4352d7b4f3eca46a/S90_OwnersManual_MY17_de-DE_TP21111.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-07-09.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18DEV90CCmanualpage624-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-18DEV90CCmanualpage624_136-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-18DEV90CCmanualpage624_136-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-18DEV90CCmanualpage624_136-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-18DEV90CCmanualpage624_136-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-18DEV90CCmanualpage624_136-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/7129ca6b8d75cc794e1df37ef91bfb9509b443fb/V90CC_OwnersManual_MY18_de-DE_TP25424.pdf">"Volvo V90CC Betriebsanleitung MY18"</a> [Volvo V90CC owner's manual MY18] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>az685612.vo.msecnd.net</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. p.&nbsp;624. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171016164258/http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/7129ca6b8d75cc794e1df37ef91bfb9509b443fb/V90CC_OwnersManual_MY18_de-DE_TP25424.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-10-16.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://accessories.volvocars.com/en-gb/V40%20Cross%20Country/InstallationInstruction/Document/VCC-426002-9/2016">"VCC-426002-9"</a>. <i>accessories.volvocars.com</i> (Accessory installation instructions). Volvo Car Corporation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170312035059/http://accessories.volvocars.com/en-gb/V40%20Cross%20Country/InstallationInstruction/Document/VCC-426002-9/2016">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-03-12.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-MY18enginesFactSheet-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MY18enginesFactSheet_138-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MY18enginesFactSheet_138-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MY18enginesFactSheet_138-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/download/204772">"New Volvo XC60 technical specifications"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. March 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170318083333/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/download/204772">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-03-18.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-page529S90US-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-page529S90US_139-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://volvornt.harte-hanks.com/manuals/2017/2017-Volvo-S90-Owner-Manual.pdf">"2017 Volvo S90 owner's manual"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>volvornt.harte-hanks.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2016. p.&nbsp;529. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161011224221/http://volvornt.harte-hanks.com/manuals/2017/2017-Volvo-S90-Owner-Manual.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2016-10-11.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2017chineseS90-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2017chineseS90_142-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2017chineseS90_142-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com:80/cn/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=l541&amp;my=2017&amp;sw=16w46&amp;article=6b31f6f7897cbe86c0a801513a1d1929&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">"发动机规格"</a> [Engine specifications]. <i>support.volvocars.com</i> (in Chinese). Volvo Car Corporation. 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709132016/http://support.volvocars.com/cn/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=l541&amp;my=2017&amp;sw=16w46&amp;article=6b31f6f7897cbe86c0a801513a1d1929&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-09.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-V90DE_MY18_page628-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-V90DE_MY18_page628_143-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-V90DE_MY18_page628_143-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-V90DE_MY18_page628_143-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-V90DE_MY18_page628_143-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/cceb7a9eb95556ca5f14e89ec895838987db00ec/V90_OwnersManual_MY18_de-DE_TP25427.pdf">"Volvo V90 Betriebsanleitung MY18"</a> [Volvo V90 owner's manual MY18] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>az685612.vo.msecnd.net</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. p.&nbsp;628. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171016162506/http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/cceb7a9eb95556ca5f14e89ec895838987db00ec/V90_OwnersManual_MY18_de-DE_TP25427.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-10-16.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMattias_Goldmann2016" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mattias Goldmann (November 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gronabilister.se/tester/biltester-2016/volvo-v90-bi-fuel">"Biltest: Volvo V90 Bi-Fuel"</a> [Car Review: Volvo V90 Bi-Fuel]. <i>www.gronabilister.se</i> (in Swedish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170122193507/http://www.gronabilister.se/tester/biltester-2016/volvo-v90-bi-fuel">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-01-22.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-DEemissionsCO2-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DEemissionsCO2_145-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DEemissionsCO2_145-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DEemissionsCO2_145-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DEemissionsCO2_145-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DEemissionsCO2_145-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com:80/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=v526&amp;my=2016&amp;sw=15w46&amp;article=fbe3a921897cfaacc0a8015120c4427d">"Kraftstoffverbrauch und CO<sub>2</sub>-Ausstoß"</a> [Fuel consumption and CO<sub>2</sub> emissions]. <i>support.volvocars.com</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170706040336/http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=v526&amp;my=2016&amp;sw=15w46&amp;article=fbe3a921897cfaacc0a8015120c4427d">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-06.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://car.autohome.com.cn/photo/39546/12/4913880.html#pvareaid=2042264">"领克03 door jamb sticker"</a> [Lynk &amp; Co 03 door jamb sticker] <span class="cs1-format">(jpg)</span>. <i>car.autohome.com.cn</i> (in Chinese and English). 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190621204012/https://car.autohome.com.cn/photo/39546/12/4913880.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-06-21. <q>Vin: L6T7854D0KZ066081 CCC: MR7202D08</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinacar.com.cn/jiaoche/lingke_4975/MR7202D08_775957.html">"领克牌MR7202D08型轿车"</a> [(Lectra) Lynk &amp; Co brand MR720D08 sedan]. <i>www.chinacar.com.cn</i> (CCC type approval) (in Chinese and English). Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. 9 May 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190621204449/http://www.chinacar.com.cn/jiaoche/lingke_4975/MR7202D08_775957.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-06-21. <q>GB18352.6-2016国VI</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-XC90_de_MY18-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-XC90_de_MY18_148-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-XC90_de_MY18_148-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/c01fa8cea7f74e15c7d64c89cadb5fea0763622d/XC90_OwnersManual_MY18_de-DE_TP24813.pdf">"Volvo XC90 Betriebsanleitung MY18"</a> [Volvo XC90 owner's manual MY18] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>az685612.vo.msecnd.net</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. p.&nbsp;704. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180127181501/http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/c01fa8cea7f74e15c7d64c89cadb5fea0763622d/XC90_OwnersManual_MY18_de-DE_TP24813.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2018-01-27.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2016S90specs-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2016S90specs_149-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2016S90specs_149-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2016S90specs_149-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2016S90specs_149-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160205011201/http://www.vpdpresse.dk/pics/170225_Technical_Spec_Volvo_S90.pdf">"Technical Spec Volvo S90"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.vpdpresse.dk</i> (in Danish). December 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vpdpresse.dk/pics/170225_Technical_Spec_Volvo_S90.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2016-02-05.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-XC9016-techdetails-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-XC9016-techdetails_150-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-XC9016-techdetails_150-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elbilsinfo.se/storage/ma/79e38feccd8248cb8bdafdb875060c66/34a6682d889a4c1c96a3052b4a7a874c/pdf/0880CC319538003885CEB02BE9C8787E569FFA3B/TJI-492167-1_1_2_sv-SE.pdf">"TJ Instruktion VCC-492167-1"</a> [TJ Instruction VCC-492167-1] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.elbilsinfo.se</i> (in Swedish). Volvo Car Customer Service. April 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160602043330/http://www.elbilsinfo.se/storage/ma/79e38feccd8248cb8bdafdb875060c66/34a6682d889a4c1c96a3052b4a7a874c/pdf/0880CC319538003885CEB02BE9C8787E569FFA3B/TJI-492167-1_1_2_sv-SE.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2016-06-02.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com:80/en-CA/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=v526t8hbat&amp;my=2016&amp;sw=15w46&amp;article=7c97375433e2e4fdc0a8015108d9b63f">"Engine specifications"</a>. <i>support.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160603112700/http://support.volvocars.com/en-CA/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=v526t8hbat&amp;my=2016&amp;sw=15w46&amp;article=7c97375433e2e4fdc0a8015108d9b63f">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-06-03.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFVolvo_Car_USA2016" class="citation web cs1">Volvo Car USA (21 September 2016). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/tsbs/2016/SB-10087522-5448.pdf">"SB-10087522-5448"</a></span> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>static.nhtsa.gov</i>. NHTSA. p.&nbsp;1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171019004632/https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/tsbs/2016/SB-10087522-5448.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-10-19.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com:80/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=v526fours&amp;my=2017&amp;sw=16w46&amp;article=6b31f6f7897cbe86c0a801513a1d1929&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">"Technische Daten Motor"</a> [Technical specifications engine]. <i>support.volvocars.com</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709132016/http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=v526fours&amp;my=2017&amp;sw=16w46&amp;article=6b31f6f7897cbe86c0a801513a1d1929&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-09.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-18deS90Hybrid-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-18deS90Hybrid_154-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-18deS90Hybrid_154-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/d43178b2442bb32880c38ae91a78f49420d8af8f/S90Hybrid_OwnersManual_MY18_de-DE_TP25425.pdf">"S90 Twin Engine Betriebsanleitung"</a> [S90 Twin Engine owner's manual] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>az685612.vo.msecnd.net</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. pp.&nbsp;630, 641. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170925175257/http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/d43178b2442bb32880c38ae91a78f49420d8af8f/S90Hybrid_OwnersManual_MY18_de-DE_TP25425.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-09-25.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-XC60_2_engine_de-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-XC60_2_engine_de_155-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-XC60_2_engine_de_155-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=v426hbat&amp;my=2018&amp;sw=17w17&amp;article=6b31f6f7897cbe86c0a801513a1d1929&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">"Technische Daten Motor"</a> [Technical specifications engine]. <i>support.volvocars.com/de</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170913000020/http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=v426hbat&amp;my=2018&amp;sw=17w17&amp;article=6b31f6f7897cbe86c0a801513a1d1929&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-09-13.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://accessories.volvocars.com/en-se/S90(17-)/InstallationInstruction/Document/VCC-500582-5/2018">"Electric engine heater (Vehicles with fuel operated auxiliary heater)"</a>. <i>accessories.volvocars.com</i> (Accessory installation instruction). Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170807235405/http://accessories.volvocars.com/en-se/S90(17-)/InstallationInstruction/Document/VCC-500582-5/2018">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-08-07. <q>Instruction No. 31664065</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-157"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://accessories.volvocars.com/en-se/S90(17-)/InstallationInstruction/Document/VCC-500587-4/2018/all/all/default/S90%20(17-)%202018%20B4204T29">"Electric engine heater (Vehicles without fuel operated auxiliary heater)"</a>. <i>accessories.volvocars.com</i> (Accessory installation instruction). Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170911024845/http://accessories.volvocars.com/en-se/S90(17-)/InstallationInstruction/Document/VCC-500587-4/2018/all/all/default/S90%20(17-)%202018%20B4204T29">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-09-11. <q>Instruction No. 31664722</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-158"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://accessories.volvocars.com/en-se/S90(17-)/InstallationInstruction/Document/VCC-485948-4/2018/all/all/default/S90%20(17-)%202018%20B4204T29">"Tablet holder"</a>. <i>accessories.volvocars.com</i> (Accessory installation instruction). Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170911024826/http://accessories.volvocars.com/en-se/S90(17-)/InstallationInstruction/Document/VCC-485948-4/2018/all/all/default/S90%20(17-)%202018%20B4204T29">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-09-11. <q>Instruction No. 31470846</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-159"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-159">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180128021313/https://club2.autoimg.cn/album/g23/M05/C2/55/userphotos/2017/06/27/09/500_wKgFV1lRtuGAW9Y7AAKVLyhC4ww052.jpg">"Engine table"</a> (in Chinese). Archived from <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://club2.autoimg.cn/album/g23/M05/C2/55/userphotos/2017/06/27/09/500_wKgFV1lRtuGAW9Y7AAKVLyhC4ww052.jpg">the original</a></span> <span class="cs1-format">(JPG)</span> on 2018-01-28.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-160"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-160">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180131184501/https://ossdopimg.lynkco.com/2018012821122886654648.png">"Picture"</a> (in Chinese). LYNK &amp; CO. 28 January 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ossdopimg.lynkco.com/2018012821122886654648.png">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PNG)</span> on 2018-01-31.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-161"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://car.autohome.com.cn/photo/series/32856/12/4111608.html">"2017 Lynk &amp; Co 01 2.0T door jamb sticker"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(JPEG)</span>. <i>car.autohome.com.cn</i> (in Chinese). Autohome. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180131190147/https://car.autohome.com.cn/photo/series/32856/12/4111608.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-01-31. <q>VIN LB37752D5HL501635</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-162"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://product.auto.163.com/picture/photoview/72060008/196220/D7UOJUPO72060008NOS.html#tpkcx04">"Picture of badging on the hatch of an 01 AWD"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(JPG)</span>. <i>product.auto.163.com</i> (in Chinese). 12 January 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190129165118/http://product.auto.163.com/picture/photoview/72060008/196220/D7UOJUPO72060008NOS.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-01-29. <q>VIN L6T7752Z1JZ000851</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-163"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://product.auto.163.com/picture/photoview/K68S0008/198059/DHOUINQSK68S0008NOS.html">"领克02 door jamb sticker"</a> [Lynk &amp; Co 02 door jamb sticker] <span class="cs1-format">(JPG)</span>. <i>product.auto.163.com</i> (in Chinese and English). 14 May 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190129163424/http://product.auto.163.com/picture/photoview/K68S0008/198059/DHOUINQSK68S0008NOS.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-01-29. <q>VIN L6T7752Z1JZ000851</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-164"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://product.auto.163.com/picture/photoview/K68S0008/198059/DHOUINR4K68S0008NOS.html?t=all&amp;p=7">"Picture of badging on the hatch of an 02 AWD"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(JPG)</span>. <i>product.auto.163.com</i> (in Chinese). 14 May 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190129163625/http://product.auto.163.com/picture/photoview/K68S0008/198059/DHOUINR4K68S0008NOS.html?t=all&amp;p=7">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-01-29. <q>VIN L6T7752Z1JZ000851</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-165"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.volvocars.com/nl-be/~/media/belgium/documents/pricelists/20180926/Prijslijst_V90-V90CC_MY19_v3_BE-NL_260918">"Volvo V90 &amp; V90 Cross Country MY19"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>assets.volvocars.com/nl-be/</i> (sales brochure &amp; options list) (in Dutch). Volvo Car Gent NV. 26 September 2018. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">28–</span>31. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190127135451/https://assets.volvocars.com/nl-be/~/media/belgium/documents/pricelists/20180926/Prijslijst_V90-V90CC_MY19_v3_BE-NL_260918">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-01-27.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-S60LCNMY17-166"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-S60LCNMY17_166-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/eb20b4b547b11121a5738b4c6ce624dcf19b3ef4/S60LHybrid_OwnersManual_MY17_zh-CN_TP22116.pdf">"2017 Volvo S60L Twin Engine - 车ѫ手册"</a> [2017 Volvo S60L Twin Engine - owner's manual] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>az685612.vo.msecnd.net</i> (in Chinese). Volvo Car Corporation. 2016. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">351–</span>358. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170226131008/http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/eb20b4b547b11121a5738b4c6ce624dcf19b3ef4/S60LHybrid_OwnersManual_MY17_zh-CN_TP22116.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-02-26.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-167"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170226131102/http://www.volvocars.com/zh-cn/cars/new-models/s60l-twin-engine/specifications">"沃尔沃S60L E驱混动价格和配置"</a> [Volvo S60L Drive-E price and configuration]. <i>www.volvocars.com</i> (in Chinese). Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.volvocars.com/zh-cn/cars/new-models/s60l-twin-engine/specifications">the original</a> on 2017-02-26.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPär_Brandt2015" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pär Brandt (15 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mestmotor.se/automotorsport/artiklar/nyheter/20150415/volvo-s60l-t6-far-dubbla-motorer-twin-engine">"Volvo S60L T6 får dubbla motorer – Twin Engine"</a> [Volvo S60L T6 doubles motors - Twin Engine]. <i>www.mestmotor.se</i> (in Swedish). Auto Motor Sport. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171019004827/http://www.mestmotor.se/automotorsport/artiklar/nyheter/20150415/volvo-s60l-t6-far-dubbla-motorer-twin-engine">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-10-19.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinacar.com.cn/jiaoche/woerwo_1639/VCC7204C13PHEV_503672.html">"VCC7204C13PHEV混合动力轿车"</a> [VCC7204C13PHEV hybrid sedan]. <i>www.chinacar.com.cn</i> (CCC type Approval) (in Chinese). Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190520172617/http://www.chinacar.com.cn/jiaoche/woerwo_1639/VCC7204C13PHEV_503672.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-05-20. <q>B4204T32 张家口沃尔沃汽车发动机制造有限公司 ... 依据标准: GB18352.5-2013国V</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/161109/volvo-cars-continues-global-roll-out-of-premium-plug-in-hybrids-with-s60l-t6-twin-engine-at-the-shan">"Volvo Cars continues global roll-out of premium plug-in hybrids with S60L T6 Twin Engine at the Shanghai Auto Show"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 15 April 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171024152416/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/pressreleases/161109/volvo-cars-continues-global-roll-out-of-premium-plug-in-hybrids-with-s60l-t6-twin-engine-at-the-shan">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-10-24.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-171"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFUli_Baumann2015" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Uli Baumann (15 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.auto-motor-und-sport.de/news/volvo-s60l-t6-twin-engine-auf-der-shanghai-auto-show-plug-in-hybrid-limousine-fuer-china-684135.html">"Volvo S60L T6 Twin Engine auf der Shanghai Auto Show: Plug-in-Hybrid-Limousine für China"</a> [Volvo S60L Twin Engine at the Shanghai Auto Show: Plug-in-hybrid sedan for China]. <i>www.auto-motor-und-sport.de</i> (in German). Auto, Motor und Sport. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150415112553/http://www.auto-motor-und-sport.de/news/volvo-s60l-t6-twin-engine-auf-der-shanghai-auto-show-plug-in-hybrid-limousine-fuer-china-684135.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2015-04-15.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/eaf6e5e8-20180423-Volvo_V40.pdf">"Volvo V40 Prijslijst Modeljaar 2019"</a> [Volvo V40 price list model year 2019] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Dutch). Volvo Car NL. 23 April 2018. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">14–</span>15. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190127134639/https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/eaf6e5e8-20180423-Volvo_V40.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-01-27.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-173"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.henkscholten.nl/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Prijslijst-Volvo-V40-Editions.pdf">"Volvo V40 Editions Prijslijst Modeljaar 2019"</a> [Volvo V40 editions price list model year 2019] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Dutch). Volvo Car NL. 23 April 2018. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">14–</span>15. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190127134402/https://www.henkscholten.nl/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Prijslijst-Volvo-V40-Editions.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-01-27.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-174"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://accessories.volvocars.com/en-us/XC90(16-)/InstallationInstruction/Document/VCC-485948-9/2018">"Installation Instructions - Tablet Holder"</a>. <i>accessories.volvocars.com</i> (Accessory installation instruction). Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180103192407/http://accessories.volvocars.com/en-us/XC90(16-)/InstallationInstruction/Document/VCC-485948-9/2018">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-01-03. <q>Instruction No. 31414847</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-BM_is_B4204T34-175"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BM_is_B4204T34_175-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.volvocars.com/lu/~/media/belgium/documents/pricelists/20180111/liste_des_prix_xc60_my19_lu_201217.pdf?la=fr-lu">"Liste de prix XC60"</a> [price list XC60] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Pricelist) (in French). Volvo Car Gent SA. 20 December 2017. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">18–</span>19. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180127172657/https://assets.volvocars.com/lu/~/media/belgium/documents/pricelists/20180111/liste_des_prix_xc60_my19_lu_201217.pdf?la=fr-lu">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2018-01-27. <q>Link and archive will prompt to download</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-V60CH_MY19_eAWD-176"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-V60CH_MY19_eAWD_176-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-V60CH_MY19_eAWD_176-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-V60CH_MY19_eAWD_176-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://downloads.promotions-volvocars.ch/pricelist/Volvo_V60.pdf">"PREISLISTE Modelljahr 2019 Volvo V60 &amp; V60 Cross Country"</a> [price list model year 2019 Volvo V60 &amp; V60 Cross Country] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>downloads.promotions-volvocars.ch</i> (in Swiss High German, French, and Italian). Zürich, Switzerland: Volvo Car Switzerland AG. 1 October 2018. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">48–</span>51. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190316190013/https://downloads.promotions-volvocars.ch/pricelist/Volvo_V60.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-03-16.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-MY2020_XC90_FL-177"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MY2020_XC90_FL_177-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MY2020_XC90_FL_177-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MY2020_XC90_FL_177-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/se/sv-se/download/248602">"Technical Specifications New Volvo XC90"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i> (Spec sheet). Volvo Car Corporation. February 2019. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">1–</span>2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190316172029/https://www.media.volvocars.com/se/sv-se/download/248602">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-03-16. <q>File will download and archive is possibly non working</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-178"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-178">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180902174623/https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/c7e0467c-20180827-Volvo_S90L.pdf">"Volvo S90L Excellence prijslijst"</a> [Volvo S90L Excellence price list] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com</i> (Price list) (in Dutch). Volvo Cars NL. 27 August 2018. p.&nbsp;18. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/c7e0467c-20180827-Volvo_S90L.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2018-09-02.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-BA_is_B1APHEV-179"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BA_is_B1APHEV_179-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.autoblog.gr/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/NEW-VOLVO-XC90_TECHNICAL-SPECIFICATIONS.pdf">"New Volvo XC90 Technical Specifications"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.autoblog.gr</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. February 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150517122737/https://www.autoblog.gr/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/NEW-VOLVO-XC90_TECHNICAL-SPECIFICATIONS.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2015-05-17.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-180"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-180">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.8137.hk/assets/Uploads/20180314-4S90-.pdf">"VCD7204C22PHEV"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.8137.hk</i> (CCC type approval) (in Chinese). 4 April 2018. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">2–</span>3. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190621203603/http://www.8137.hk/assets/Uploads/20180314-4S90-.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-06-21. <q>排放依据标准:GB18352.5-2013国V</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-181"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-181">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chinacar.com.cn/keche/woerwo_1640/VCC6474H29PHEV_716075.html">"座沃尔沃插电式混合动力多用途乘用车 VCC6474H29PHEV"</a> [Volvo plug-in hybrid SUV passenger car VCC6474H29PHEV]. <i>www.chinacar.com.cn</i> (CCC type approval) (in Chinese). 5 September 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190621203938/http://www.chinacar.com.cn/keche/woerwo_1640/VCC6474H29PHEV_716075.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-06-21. <q>B4204T35 张家口沃尔沃汽车发动机制造有限公司 ... 依据标准: GB18352.6-2016国VI</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-182"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-182">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://australiancar.reviews/_pdfs/Volvo_XC90_Mk2_Specifications-Features-Prices_201410.pdf">"Volvo XC90 Pricelist"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>australiancar.reviews</i>. October 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150616060738/http://australiancar.reviews/_pdfs/Volvo_XC90_Mk2_Specifications-Features-Prices_201410.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2015-06-16.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-DEV40MY17OOM-183"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DEV40MY17OOM_183-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DEV40MY17OOM_183-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DEV40MY17OOM_183-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com:80/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y555&amp;my=2017&amp;sw=16w17&amp;article=eac0ec7dc54cae0ac0a801e8009f70e4&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">"Technische Daten Motor"</a> [Technical specifications engine]. <i>support.volvocars.com</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160603121218/http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y555&amp;my=2017&amp;sw=16w17&amp;article=eac0ec7dc54cae0ac0a801e8009f70e4&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-06-03.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-V40MY17techdata-184"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-V40MY17techdata_184-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-V40MY17techdata_184-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/press/volvo2017/Volvo_V40_Model_Year_2017_Technical_Specifications.pdf">"2017 Volvo V40 technical specifications"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. February 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160911151623/https://www.volvoclub.org.uk/press/volvo2017/Volvo_V40_Model_Year_2017_Technical_Specifications.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2016-09-11.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-185"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-185">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/3b1453e84882dcab9b1c883fadfafb470e0d0675/V40_OwnersManual_MY16_de-DE_TP20109.pdf">"2016 Volvo V40 Betriebsanleitung"</a> [2016 Volvo V40 owner's manual] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>az685612.vo.msecnd.net</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170320052947/http://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/3b1453e84882dcab9b1c883fadfafb470e0d0675/V40_OwnersManual_MY16_de-DE_TP20109.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-03-20.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-186"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-186">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com:80/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y413&amp;my=2017&amp;sw=16w46&amp;article=c48f21dbf78fa679c0a801e800b1d372&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">"Technische Daten Motor"</a> [Technical specifications engine]. <i>support.volvocars.com</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709132016/http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y413&amp;my=2017&amp;sw=16w46&amp;article=c48f21dbf78fa679c0a801e800b1d372&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-09.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-DES60_S60CC_MY18-187"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DES60_S60CC_MY18_187-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://assets.volvocars.com/de/~/media/germany/downloads/preislisten/Preisliste-Volvo-S60-und-S60-Cross-Country-MY18.pdf">"Preisliste Volvo S60 &amp; Volvo S60 Cross Country"</a> [Price list Volvo S60 &amp; Volvo S60 Cross Country] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>assets.volvocars.com</i> (in German). Volvo Car Germany Gmbh. 23 March 2017. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">34–</span>35. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171024162015/http://assets.volvocars.com/de/~/media/germany/downloads/preislisten/Preisliste-Volvo-S60-und-S60-Cross-Country-MY18.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-10-24. <q>MY18, Auflage 2 [MY18, 2nd edition]</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-188"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-188">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://volvornt.harte-hanks.com/manuals/2017/2017-Volvo-S60-Owner-Manual.pdf">"2017 Volvo S60 owner's manual"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>volvornt.harte-hanks.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2016. p.&nbsp;375. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170211155040/http://volvornt.harte-hanks.com/manuals/2017/2017-Volvo-S60-Owner-Manual.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2017-02-11.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-189"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-189">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.volvocars.com/us/cars/new-models/v60-polestar/specifications">"2017 Volvo V60 Polestar Wagon Specifications"</a>. <i>www.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161224031123/http://www.volvocars.com/us/cars/new-models/v60-polestar/specifications">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-12-24.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-190"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-190">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/models/new-s90/2017/specifications">"Models - New S90 - technical data"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709132016/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/models/new-s90/2017/specifications">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-09.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-V60INT_MY20-191"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V60INT_MY20_191-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.volvocars.com/intl/cars/new-models/v60/specifications/engines">"Volvo V60 specifications - engine (MY20)"</a>. <i>www.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190316184832/https://www.volvocars.com/intl/cars/new-models/v60/specifications/engines">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-03-16.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-193"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-193">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.partslink24.com/volvo/volvo_parts/vehicle.action?mode=K00U0TWXX&amp;lang=en&amp;startup=true&amp;upds=2025.02.18+08:08:46">"Volvo - partslink24"</a>. <i>www.partslink24.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2025-03-04</span></span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-194"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdn.volvotechinfo.com/vin/Volvo%20MY%202022%20VIN%20Decoder.pdf">"Volvo MY 2022 VIN Decoder"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 25,</span> 2025</span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-VNT-195"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-VNT_195-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/photos/7086">"Variable Nozzle Turbine, VNT"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 10 April 2001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170706032251/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/photos/7086">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-06.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Drive-E-196"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Drive-E_196-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/uk/en-gb/media/pressreleases/138421/volvo-cars-new-drive-e-powertrains-efficient-driving-pleasure-with-world-first-technologies9">"Volvo Cars' new Drive-E powertrains - efficient driving pleasure with world-first technologies"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 23 January 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170706033025/https://www.media.volvocars.com/uk/en-gb/media/pressreleases/138421/volvo-cars-new-drive-e-powertrains-efficient-driving-pleasure-with-world-first-technologies9">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-06.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-197"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/media/documentfile/231060/drive-e-factsheet-model-year-2019">"Drive-E Factsheet Model Year 2019"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i> (Press release). Volvo Car Corporation. 20 June 2018. p.&nbsp;19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-06-10</span></span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-198"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-198">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.volvocars.com/intl/news/sustainability/dear-diesel-its-time-to-say-goodbye/">"Dear diesel, it's time to say goodbye"</a>. <i>www.volvocars.com</i>. 2024-03-24.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-NLXC60_MY20-199"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NLXC60_MY20_199-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NLXC60_MY20_199-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.volvocars.com/nl-be/~/media/belgium/documents/pricelists/20190321/Prijslijst_XC60_MY20_BE-NL_200319">"Prijslijst Volvo XC60 (MY20)"</a> [price list Volvo XC60 (MY20)] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>assets.volvocars.com</i> (in Dutch). Volvo Car Gent NV. 18 March 2019. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">20–</span>23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-03-23</span></span>. <q>link and archive will download</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-200"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.volvocars.com/nl-be/~/media/belgium/documents/pricelists/xc90-my20/prijslijst_xc90_my20_v1_be-nl_250219.pdf?la=nl-be">"Volvo XC90 prijslijst Modeljaar 2020"</a> [Volvo XC90 price list model year 2020] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>assets.volvocars.com</i> (in Dutch). Volvo Car Gent NV. 25 February 2019. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">18–</span>19. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190316171623/https://assets.volvocars.com/nl-be/~/media/belgium/documents/pricelists/xc90-my20/prijslijst_xc90_my20_v1_be-nl_250219.pdf?la=nl-be">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-03-16. <q>link and archive will download</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-NLXC90_MY20-201"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NLXC90_MY20_201-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://assets.volvocars.com/nl-be/~/media/belgium/documents/pricelists/20190321/Prijslijst_XC90_MY20_BE-NL_180319">"Prijslijst Volvo XC90 (MY20)"</a> [price list Volvo XC90 (MY20)] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>assets.volvocars.com</i> (in Dutch). Volvo Car Gent NV. 18 March 2019. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">18–</span>19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-03-23</span></span>. <q>link and archive will download</q></cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-V90_Specs-202"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V90_Specs_202-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170706033546/http://www.volvocars.com/intl/cars/new-models/the-new-v90/specifications">"V90 - Specifications"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.volvocars.com/intl/cars/new-models/the-new-v90/specifications">the original</a> on 2017-07-06.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-DE2017V90engines-203"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DE2017V90engines_203-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DE2017V90engines_203-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=v542&amp;my=2017&amp;sw=16w46&amp;article=6b31f6f7897cbe86c0a801513a1d1929&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">"Technische Daten Motor"</a> [Technical specifications engine]. <i>support.volvocars.com</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170706054617/http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=v542&amp;my=2017&amp;sw=16w46&amp;article=6b31f6f7897cbe86c0a801513a1d1929&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-06.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-UK_V60_Specs-204"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UK_V60_Specs_204-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131023113330/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/models/v60/2014/specifications">"Models - 2014 V60 - technical data"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/models/v60/2014/specifications">the original</a> on 2013-10-23.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-UK_V70_Specs-205"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UK_V70_Specs_205-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131023080443/http://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/models/v70/2014/specifications">"Models - 2014 V70 - technical data"</a>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 13 May 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/models/v70/2014/specifications">the original</a> on 2013-10-23.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-DE_V60_Specs-206"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DE_V60_Specs_206-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.volvocars.com/de/modelle/neuwagen/v60/technische-daten">"Der Volvo V60 - Technische Daten"</a> [The Volvo V60 - Technical Data]. <i>www.volvocars.com</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170117031507/http://www.volvocars.com/de/modelle/neuwagen/v60/technische-daten">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-01-17.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-207"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/99486a84-20180423-Volvo_V40.pdf">"Volvo V40 Prijslijst Modeljaar 2019"</a> [Volvo V40 price list model year 2019] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Dutch). 23 April 2018. p.&nbsp;15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-05-21</span></span>.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-UK_S60_Specs-208"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UK_S60_Specs_208-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.volvocars.com/uk/cars/new-models/s60/specifications">"S60 - Specifications"</a>. <i>www.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170615115743/http://www.volvocars.com/uk/cars/new-models/s60/specifications">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-06-15.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-V60_Specs-209"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V60_Specs_209-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140905082517/http://www.volvocars.com/intl/cars/new-models/v60/specifications">"V60 - Specifications"</a>. <i>www.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.volvocars.com/intl/cars/new-models/v60/specifications">the original</a> on 2014-09-05.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-V70_Specs-211"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-V70_Specs_211-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140828110242/http://www.volvocars.com/intl/cars/new-models/v70/specifications">"V70 - Specifications"</a>. <i>www.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.volvocars.com/intl/cars/new-models/v70/specifications">the original</a> on 2014-08-28.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-S90_Specs-212"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-S90_Specs_212-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170706045133/http://www.volvocars.com/intl/cars/new-models/the-new-s90/specifications">"S90 - Specifications"</a>. <i>www.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.volvocars.com/intl/cars/new-models/the-new-s90/specifications">the original</a> on 2017-07-06.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-S60NL_MY17-213"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-S60NL_MY17_213-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-S60NL_MY17_213-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-S60NL_MY17_213-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-S60NL_MY17_213-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/6367f8f3-20161027-Volvo_S60.pdf">"PRIJSLIJST Modeljaar 2017 Volvo S60 Nordic"</a> [price list model year 2017 Volvo S60 Nordic] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com</i> (in Dutch). Volvo Car BV Nederlands. 1 November 2016. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">14–</span>15. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190316174206/https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/6367f8f3-20161027-Volvo_S60.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-03-16.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-S60NL_MY18-214"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-S60NL_MY18_214-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/eeb42964-20170424-Volvo_S60.pdf">"PRIJSLIJST Modeljaar 2018 Volvo S60 Polar"</a> [price list model year 2018 Volvo S60 Polar] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com</i> (in Dutch). Volvo Car BV Nederlands. 24 April 2017. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">14–</span>15. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190316174541/https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/eeb42964-20170424-Volvo_S60.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-03-16.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-DEXC40MY19-215"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DEXC40MY19_215-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DEXC40MY19_215-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DEXC40MY19_215-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DEXC40MY19_215-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DEXC40MY19_215-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/1d8d8e29a36e99ff3cb08f9700f8c7001e2a1e90/XC40_OwnersManual_MY19_de-DE_TP28101.pdf">"Volvo XC40 Betriebsanleitung MY19"</a> [Volvo XC40 owner's manual MY19] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>az685612.vo.msecnd.net</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2018. pp.&nbsp;648, 653. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190127134917/https://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/1d8d8e29a36e99ff3cb08f9700f8c7001e2a1e90/XC40_OwnersManual_MY19_de-DE_TP28101.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-01-27.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-216"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-216">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/70627512-20180423-Volvo_V40_Cross_Country.pdf">"Volvo V40 Cross Country prijslijst modeljaar 2019"</a> [Volvo V40 Cross Country price list model year 2019] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com</i> (in Dutch). Volvo Car BV Nederlands. 23 April 2018. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">14–</span>15. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190127134733/https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/70627512-20180423-Volvo_V40_Cross_Country.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-01-27.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-SV60CCNL_MY17-217"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SV60CCNL_MY17_217-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SV60CCNL_MY17_217-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/e60c3dd4-20161027-Volvo_S60_Cross_Country.pdf">"PRIJSLIJST Modeljaar 2017 Volvo S60 / V60 Cross Country Nordic"</a> [price list model year 2017 Volvo S60 / V60 Nordic] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com</i> (in Dutch). Volvo Car BV Nederlands. 1 November 2016. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">14–</span>15. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190316175852/https://volvo-tools-prd-media.s3.amazonaws.com/pricelists/documents/e60c3dd4-20161027-Volvo_S60_Cross_Country.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-03-16.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-DEV40CCMY15engines-218"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DEV40CCMY15engines_218-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y556&amp;my=2015&amp;sw=14w20&amp;article=eac0ec7dc54cae0ac0a801e8009f70e4&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">"Technische Daten Motor"</a> [Technical specifications engine]. <i>support.volvocars.com</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160810105616/http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y556&amp;my=2015&amp;sw=14w20&amp;article=eac0ec7dc54cae0ac0a801e8009f70e4&amp;category=510652ac31fe5b38c0a801e8014486bc">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-08-10.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-UK_XC60_specs-219"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UK_XC60_specs_219-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170706053521/http://www.volvocars.com/uk/cars/new-models/xc60/specifications?variantId=a1e78c75-7b98-4bd9-8a14-b6a6320c377a">"Volvo XC60 Specifications"</a>. <i>www.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.volvocars.com/uk/cars/new-models/xc60/specifications?variantId=a1e78c75-7b98-4bd9-8a14-b6a6320c377a">the original</a> on 2017-07-06.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-newXC60specsMY18-220"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-newXC60specsMY18_220-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-newXC60specsMY18_220-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/download/200023">"Volvo S90 China version technical specifications"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. November 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170312035157/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/download/200023">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-03-12.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-skandix.de_1037520-221"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-skandix.de_1037520_221-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.skandix.de/de/fahrzeug-teile/innenraumtemperatur/klimaanlage/trockner/trockner-klimaanlage-reparaturteil/1037520/">"Trockner, Klimaanlage Reparaturteil (#1037520)"</a> [Dryer, Airconditioning Repairpart (#1037520)]. <i>www.skandix.de</i> (in German). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170202083624/http://www.skandix.de/de/fahrzeug-teile/innenraumtemperatur/klimaanlage/trockner/trockner-klimaanlage-reparaturteil/1037520/">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-02-02.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-222"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-222">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170202052911/http://www.autoeder.de/kempten/Volvo/aktuelles.php?navigation_id=441&amp;rubrik=aktuelles&amp;aktuelles_detail_id=590">"Der neue Volvo V70, XC70 und S80: Exklusive Fahrkultur auf einem neuen Niveau"</a> [The new Volvo V70, XC70 and S80: Exclusive driving culture on a new level]. <i>www.autoeder.de</i> (in German). Volvo Cars Germany Gmbh. 6 September 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.autoeder.de/kempten/Volvo/aktuelles.php?navigation_id=441&amp;rubrik=aktuelles&amp;aktuelles_detail_id=590">the original</a> on 2017-02-02.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-DE2016V70engines-223"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DE2016V70engines_223-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y285&amp;my=2016&amp;sw=15w17&amp;article=95303e52f78eaaf3c0a801e8004ed71e">"Zuggewicht und Stützlast"</a> [Towing and tongue weights]. <i>support.volvocars.com</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170202053136/http://support.volvocars.com/de/cars/Pages/owners-manual.aspx?mc=y285&amp;my=2016&amp;sw=15w17&amp;article=95303e52f78eaaf3c0a801e8004ed71e">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-02-02.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-19DEXC90manual-224"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-19DEXC90manual_224-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-19DEXC90manual_224-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-19DEXC90manual_224-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/8c97d24d56f10cea5ed50a5975978fb27cb13cf9/XC90_OwnersManual_MY19_de-DE_TP26997.pdf">"Volvo XC90 Betriebsanleitung [MY19]"</a> [Volvo XC90 owner's manual [MY19]] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>az685612.vo.msecnd.net</i> (in German). Volvo Car Corporation. 2018. pp.&nbsp;<span class="nowrap">694–</span>695, 698. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190316172243/https://az685612.vo.msecnd.net/pdfs/8c97d24d56f10cea5ed50a5975978fb27cb13cf9/XC90_OwnersManual_MY19_de-DE_TP26997.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2019-03-16.</cite></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-2016_V90_Specs-225"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2016_V90_Specs_225-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/download/173905">"Volvo V90 - Specifications"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.media.volvocars.com</i>. Volvo Car Corporation. September 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170706063132/https://www.media.volvocars.com/global/en-gb/download/173905">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-07-06.</cite></span>
</li>
</ol></div></div><div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}


/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}


/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Volvo_Cars411" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">
/* start https://en.wikipedia.org/ */


.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}


/* end https://en.wikipedia.org/ */
</style><div id="Volvo_Cars411" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Volvo_Cars" title="Volvo Cars">Volvo Cars</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Geely" title="Geely">Zhejiang Geely Holding Group</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">S60</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_S90" title="Volvo S90">S90</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_V60" title="Volvo V60">V60</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_V90" title="Volvo V90">V90</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crossovers/SUVs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Volvo_XC40" title="Volvo XC40">EC40</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_EX30" title="Volvo EX30">EX30</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_XC40" title="Volvo XC40">EX40</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_EX90" title="Volvo EX90">EX90</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_XC40" title="Volvo XC40">XC40</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_XC60" title="Volvo XC60">XC60</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_XC90" title="Volvo XC90">XC90</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minivans</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Volvo_EM90" title="Volvo EM90">EM90</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Volvo_66" title="Volvo 66">66</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_140_Series" title="Volvo 140 Series">140 Series</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_164" title="Volvo 164">164</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_200_Series" title="Volvo 200 Series">200 Series</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_700_Series" title="Volvo 700 Series">700 Series</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_850" title="Volvo 850">850</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_900_Series" title="Volvo 900 Series">900 Series</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_Amazon" title="Volvo Amazon">Amazon (120/130 Series)</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_C30" title="Volvo C30">C30</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_C70" title="Volvo C70">C70</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_Duett" title="Volvo Duett">Duett</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_P1800" title="Volvo P1800">P1800</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_PV444/544" title="Volvo PV444/544">PV444/544</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_S40" title="Volvo S40">S40/V40</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_S70" title="Volvo S70">S70</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_S80" title="Volvo S80">S80</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_V40_(2012%E2%80%932019)" title="Volvo V40 (2012–2019)">V40</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_V50" title="Volvo V50">V50</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_V70" title="Volvo V70">V70/XC70</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Upcoming models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Volvo_ES90" title="Volvo ES90">ES90</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_XC70_(2025)" title="Volvo XC70 (2025)">XC70</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li><a href="Volvo_Venus_Bilo" title="Volvo Venus Bilo">Venus Bilo</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_Philip" title="Volvo Philip">Philip</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_Margarete_Rose" title="Volvo Margarete Rose">Margarete Rose</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_Elisabeth_I" title="Volvo Elisabeth I">Elisabeth I</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_GTZ" title="Volvo GTZ">GTZ</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_GTZ#GTZ_3000" title="Volvo GTZ">GTZ 3000</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_VESC" title="Volvo VESC">VESC</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_1800_ESC" class="mw-redirect" title="Volvo 1800 ESC">1800 ESC</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_EC" title="Volvo EC">EC</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_200_Series#Concept_models" title="Volvo 200 Series">263 GL</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_City_Taxi" title="Volvo City Taxi">City Taxi</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_200_Series#Concept_models" title="Volvo 200 Series">242 GTC Turbo</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_Tundra" title="Volvo Tundra">Tundra</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_Concept_Car" class="mw-redirect" title="Volvo Concept Car">VCC</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_LCP2000" title="Volvo LCP2000">LCP2000</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_ECC" title="Volvo ECC">ECC</a></li>
<li>ACC</li>
<li><a href="Volvo_SCC" title="Volvo SCC">SCC</a></li>
<li>PCC</li>
<li>PCC2</li>
<li>ACC2</li>
<li><a href="Volvo_YCC" title="Volvo YCC">YCC</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_T6" title="Volvo T6">T6</a></li>
<li>3CC</li>
<li><a href="Volvo_C30" title="Volvo C30">C30 Design Concept</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_XC60#XC60_concept_(2007)" title="Volvo XC60">XC60 Concept</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_ReCharge" class="mw-redirect" title="Volvo ReCharge">ReCharge</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_S60" title="Volvo S60">S60 Concept</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_C30_DRIVe_Electric" class="mw-redirect" title="Volvo C30 DRIVe Electric">C30 DRIVe Electric</a></li>
<li>Universe</li>
<li><a href="Volvo_Concept_You" title="Volvo Concept You">Concept You</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_Concept_Coupe" title="Volvo Concept Coupe">Concept Coupe</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_Concept_Estate" title="Volvo Concept Estate">Concept Estate</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_Concept_XC_Coupe" title="Volvo Concept XC Coupe">Concept XC Coupe</a></li>
<li><a href="Polestar_Precept" title="Polestar Precept">Polestar Precept Concept</a></li>
<li>Polestar O<small><sub>2</sub></small> Concept</li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">
<ul><li>List
<ul><li><a href="List_of_Volvo_passenger_cars" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Volvo passenger cars">passenger cars</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_Volvo_engines" title="List of Volvo engines">engines</a></li>
<li><a href="List_of_Volvo_Car_production_plants" title="List of Volvo Car production plants">manufacturing plants</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_Cars#Car_models" title="Volvo Cars">Platforms</a>
<ul><li><a href="Volvo_P80_platform" title="Volvo P80 platform">P80</a></li>
<li>P90</li>
<li><a href="Ford_C1_platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Ford C1 platform">P1</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_P2_platform" title="Volvo P2 platform">P2</a></li>
<li><a href="Ford_EUCD_platform" title="Ford EUCD platform">P3</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_Scalable_Product_Architecture_platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Volvo Scalable Product Architecture platform">SPA</a></li>
<li><a href="Compact_Modular_Architecture_platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Compact Modular Architecture platform">CMA</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_R" title="Volvo R">Volvo R</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_Cars#Safety" title="Volvo Cars">Volvo Safety</a>
<ul><li><a href="Side_Impact_Protection_System" title="Side Impact Protection System">SIPS</a></li>
<li><a href="WHIPS" title="WHIPS">WHIPS</a></li></ul></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_Cars#Motorsport" title="Volvo Cars">Motorsports</a>
<ul><li><a href="Polestar" title="Polestar">Polestar</a></li>
<li><a href="Cyan_Racing" title="Cyan Racing">Polestar Cyan Racing</a></li></ul></li>
<li><i><a href="S40_Racing" title="S40 Racing">S40 Racing</a></i></li>
<li><i><a href="Volvo_%E2%80%93_The_Game" title="Volvo – The Game">Volvo – The Game</a></i></li>
<li><a href="World_of_Volvo" title="World of Volvo">World of Volvo</a></li></ul>
</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>
<ul><li><b>See also</b>:</li>
<li><a href="Volvo" title="Volvo">AB Volvo</a>
<ul><li><a href="Volvo_Trucks" title="Volvo Trucks">Volvo Trucks</a></li>
<li><a href="Volvo_Buses" title="Volvo Buses">Volvo Buses</a></li></ul></li>
<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"></span></span> <b>Category</b></li>
<li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Volvo_Car_Corporation" class="extiw external" title="commons:Category:Volvo Car Corporation">Commons</a></b></li></ul>
</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><!--htdig_noindex--><div><div class="zim-footer">
This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-07-02" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Volvo_Engine_Architecture&amp;oldid=1298502228">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.
</div>
</div><!--/htdig_noindex--></div>
</div>
</main>
</div>
</div>
</div>

</body></html>